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What medicine is used to dissolve blood clots?
Thrombolytic is the general term for the class of drugs used to dissolve blood clots. Clots (thrombi) can reduce or interrupt blood flow by blocking the vessel which can result in injury to the tissues that are deprived of the blood flow and oxygenation. This occurs sometimes in a "heart attack" when blood flow is restricted by a clot, and damage or death (infarction), of the tissue of the myocardium (heart muscle) results.A common thrombolytic agent which is used for this purpose in emergency medicine measures for conditions like blood clots in the brain (cerebral thrombosis/embolus) or a coronary artery thrombosis/embolus that is causing or threatening a myocardial infarction is called TPA. TPA stands for Tissue Plasminogen Activator (also abbreviated PLAT). It acts as an enzyme to break down blood clots. Sometimes thrombolytic agents ("clot busters"/"clot busting medicines") such as Streptokinase or Urokinase are necessary to dissolve blood clots.A related class of drugs is called anticoagulants, but rather than quickly dissolving clots like thrombolytics do, these "blood thinners," as they are sometimes called, act to prevent clot formation instead. They are used either as short term or long term medications. Examples of some of the more common anticoagulants are heparin, Coumadin, and Lovenox.Thrombolytic drugs include:tissue plasminogen activator t-PA:alteplase (Activase)reteplase (Retavase)tenecteplase (TNKase)anistreplase (Eminase)streptokinase (Kabikinase, Streptase)urokinase (Abbokinase)Among those, commonly used drugs are alteplase, reteplase and streptokinase.
What are the drugs used in myocardial infarction?
glycerate nitrate is given as soon as some one suffers from a myocardial infarction. it is give via buccal route so can be absorbed quickly and show its affect. ---- In a myocardial infarction, demand for oxygen and other substrates in a particular part of the myocardium is greater than the supply. Most often, this is caused by thrombosis in an epicardial artery, resulting in ischemia (cell injury) and, later, infarction (cell death). Infarction does not happen immediately, however, so if one gets treated in time, myocardium may be saved. There are several classes of medication that are given to people having myocardial infarctions. The first of these include oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerin. Heparin and Plavix are other medications that may be given immediately. Many centers have cardiac catheterization suites and those listed above may be some of the only medications given to the patient while they are having the infarction. Thrombectomy and stenting performed in the "cath lab," effectively aborting the infarction. If a "cath lab" is not available at the hospital, or within a reasonable period of time by transfer, the patient may be eligible for thrombolytics, which are medications given to help dissolve clots. There are several of these, the most common is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA). These medications are given by IV drip and selectively break up clots in the body. They are not specific for clots only in the heart, however, and there is significant risk of bleeding during and for a period of time after receiving these medications. Patient selection is very strict, including past history and the amount of time the patient has been experiencing the symptoms of the myocardial infarction. If r-tPA is used, it is usually followed by a heparin infusion to help prevent re-clotting in the injured vessel.
