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An Aurignacian is a member of the Aurignacian culture, from the Upper Paleolithic era of c. 45000 - 35000 years ago, known from their archeological remains.
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The Aurignacian is an archaeological culture that emerged in Europe around 40,000 to 36,000 years ago. It is known for its advanced stone tool technology, including the production of blade-like tools. It is also associated with the earliest known examples of symbolic art and personal ornaments, such as cave paintings and jewelry.
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What has the author George Lucius Collie written?
George Lucius Collie has written: 'The Aurignacians and their culture' -- subject(s): Aurignacian culture
What is the oldest known calendar?
The oldest known calendars are lunar based, and the oldest of these discovered thus far comes from the Aurignacian culture, a Paleolithic society that existed in central and southern Europe and southern Asia. Aurignacian culture existed between 47,000 to 41,000 years ago. Alexander Marshack, a paleolithic archeologist, studied and published on several bone carvings and cave drawings discovered in France and Germany depicting a rudimentary lunar calendar.
What has the author Thorsten Uthmeier written?
Thorsten Uthmeier has written: 'Micoquien, Aurignacien und Gravettien in Bayern' -- subject(s): Gravettian culture, Excavations (Archaeology), Paleolithic period, Aurignacian culture, Antiquities
Where were cave paintings found?
The well known cave paintings are in Lascaux, France.
How did Sumerians develop successful agriculture?
The name Sumerian {or Shinar about 6,000 years ago} is a name of a land in the Chaldees. It was populated with the Chaldeans, as seen in history and maps. This Samara Culture was of the 32,000 yr. Aurignacian Culture seen first in northwestern France. The people were of the ancient 14,000-8,000 yr. At'lan Culture of Brittani. The 35,000 years of Basque history tells this area was of the Atlantiques' Maritime villages. This is the connection of the ancient northwestern France of the Aquilonians-Celts with the Chaldeans of Sumer. Their trade settlements were next to rivers and seas for World Shipping of produce, merchandise, and live stock. Their factories of merchandise and Agricultural land use river water for their production, especially for watering their agricultural land. Their 32,000 year Aurignacian Culture found in northwestern France was as the 'Mu' World Trade Shippers found mainly in the Americas (predominantly in Central America). This World Trade shipping Empire can be seen to have developed into the Atlan Culture found in Balivia, South America. This Atlan shippers were called by the ancient Basque as "Atlantiques" as their maritime villages along northwestern France. Anthropology claims their existence as the 14,000 - 8,000 yr Atilan Culture. This Culture showed a 8,000 yr writing. Their also was found an 8,000 yr goddess named Cybele. These gods can be found in the ancient Sumerian clay Tablets. These findings can show that the 32,000 yr Aurignacian Culture was a parent culture of civilizations that became known as the 5th millennium Sumerian/ Samara Culture that founded the river valleys of the Fertile Crescent between the Euphrates and Tigris. They used the rivers by digging canals from these rivers to water their GARDENS. It included the (Torah-Bible Genesis 2)Gihon River=Nile River from Ethiopia and Pison River (see Pishon village) of the Indus River Valley/Pakistan-India. These are the Fertile valleys of the Sumerian trade Empire after about 2800 BC.
Differentiate Aurignacian art to Magdalenian art?
The short answer is that only the large period of time distinguishes these two ART traditions (about 20,000 years apart). The art is quite similar in subject and in form and techniques. The tools forms, however, are notably different. There is just a lot more image-making found from the Magdalenian, thus, more variety. Hopefully, we will find more Aurignacian cave art soon. Ok, and maybe we don't technically have polychromatic paintings from the Aurignacian, yet. What a great question! In very broad strokes, we are dealing with two of the four cultures of the European Upper Paleolithic, the art of which is mostly yet found in Western Europe (France, Germany, maybe Austria) and defined by lithic analysis (stone tool types) and carbon dates. The Aurignacian is the oldest of these periods and is the first evidence of the presence of fully modern humans, known as Homo sapiens sapiens (you and me), in Europe. They likely came from the East. The Aurignacian period dates roughly from 37,000 years ago to 26,000 years ago. Very recent archaeological work at Hohle Fels, Geissenklosterle, Hohlenstein-Stadel in southwestern Germany uncovered the world's earliest sculptures which date to this time (35,000 ya - see Conard 2009), along with the remains of more than 3 bone and ivory flutes. So, art and music are the twin daughters of modern humans, and imply ritual and complete cognitive modernity (think playing with musical scale). The sculptures are small (2-3 inches). We have some larger pieces as well (the Lion-Human is 9 inches?). Some are very simple animals but show sensitivity to motion and form, if you really look. One is a bird. The Vogelherd horse probably belongs to this tradition and is utterly elegant and was likely handled and worn a lot due to the patina on its surface, suggesting concepts of animism (like a rabbit's foot for protection) and contagious magic. At least two figures are 'transforming'. They are composite figures combining human form (upright posture) with a lion's head and possibly a lion's mane. This also supports a world view involving animism. The lion and human aspects are readily identifiable, one does not have to guess. Also, the Hohlenstein Stadel is definitively male, the shoulder area and upper arm are masculine. 'Tattoos' or marking of some sort are apparent on the shoulder. Finally, the Hohle Fels venus figurine is completely erotic with outlandish exaggeration and attention to the female sexual anatomy. Whoa. The Araucanian's also made paintings and engravings to die for in caves, Chavez cave defies brief description but check out the French Government's website and bow down to the astonishing naturalism, cinematic elements, and intensity of their works. The End Chamber at Chauvet is absolute evidence of image making as hunting magic. The Magdalena period is the most recent of the European Upper Paleolithic cultures (18,500 to 10,500 BC). Perhaps due to being closer to the surface in archaeological strata, or due to population growth in that time, or just luck, archaeologists and pre historians have been amassing material from the Magdalena for 150 years and there is a LOT of stuff. Engraved bones, stones, tools - a veritable 'explosion of culture' in the words of John Pfeiffer - many 'new' tool forms made out of antler (harpoons) and bone. I'm not sure if bone needles are just a Magdalena phenomenon and not an Araucanian tool, as well, I would bet both but there are a lot in the latter period). There are repeated themes in the carvings (a young ibex turns to look at its tail) as if a Paleolithic Wall Mart in the Arie made an order for hundreds of these... bones with mysterious pictures of bear men, of salmon migrating upstream, of plants... basically so much engraving that it boggles the mind. Remember, this was the modern mind, but before TV or theme parks. Some scholars suggest there is notational recording of 'cycles of the moon' or other such phenomena in patterns of dots (Masaryk) Also, a great number of paintings and engravings in cave sites and much of this in very deep cave contexts. Lascaux is an example from 15000 BC - polychromatic paintings, utter creativity, sensitivity to the forms emerging out of cave walls - animals with personality, vitality, motion, shading, volume, line and unique artistic techniques in certain caves to depict depth, for instance. Also, a scene telling a very 'mental' story about a man hunting who may be depicted in trance (Bird Headed Man in Well Scene at Lascaux). Altamira is at the other end of the Magdalena - near the end of the epoch. In the Pyrenees there is the image of a human/animal form high on a cave wall 2 miles down deep. He (genitalia clearly depicted) is bent over, covered with animal fur but his interior musculature clearly rendered - knee cap, thigh muscles, calf muscles, human feet with toes (X ray art) - and staring straight out at the viewer with an animal head and complete with a rack of antlers - okay, and there is also a bone flute found in this cave. A similar figure of a guy wearing a bison skin and head is found at Chavez, so there is not really any distinction in themes between the two periods of time. Just more variety in the Magdalena but don't hold your breath that more things won't be found dating to the Araucanian. Someone once suggested art has gone downhill ever since. Basically, once you get modern humans, you have the potential for incredibly naturalistic art and for complex music - it's hardwired in the brain.
When was ...art created?
Most art historians agree that the first art is the cave paintings made in places like Lascaux, France. The time frame is from 15,000 to 13,000 B.C. The birth of art occurred in the Upper Paleolithic Period where small carved figures have been found, generally known as 'Venus of Willen"dorf' about 22,000 B.C.The problem is that much early "art" may be as "decoration" of small items like pottery. There is some evidence that the Aurignacian culture of the Upper Palaeolithic, located in Europe and southwest Asia may have had art objects for small items and cave paintings. It lasted from 45,000 to 35,000 years ago.The earliest known example of art or design is presently thought to be from a million to 700,000 years old burial site in Java associated with homo erectus. The work consists of a design scratched into the surface of clam shells which were then peirced to be hung as a pendant.
Where did archaeologists find ancient and remarkable prehistoric cave paintings?
The earliest known European cave paintings date to Aurignacian, some 32,000 years ago.
What year was domestic dogs born?
Domestic Dogs weren't born in a specific year. Domestication takes place over the course of many years. Selective breeding can affect a species quite rapidly and is a natural process for humans to initiate. Domestication was most likely done done by accident rather than intentionally. One litter of puppies is born and one is chosen over the rest for certain characteristics such as size, color, bark, friendliness, or other characteristics. Archaeology has placed the earliest known domestication approximately 30,000 B.C., and with certainty at 7,000 BC. Other evidence suggests that dogs were first domesticated in East Asia. Due to the difficulty in assessing the structural differences in bones, the identification of a domestic dog based on cultural evidence is of special value. Perhaps the earliest clear evidence for this domestication is the first dog found buried together with human from 12,000 years ago in Palestine and a burial site in Germany called Bonn-Oberkassel with joint human and dog interments dating to 14,000 years ago. In 2008, re-examination of fossil material excavated from Goyet Cave in Belgium in the late 19th century resulted in the identification of a 31,700 year old dog, a large and powerful animal who ate reindeer, musk oxen and horses. This dog was part of the Aurignacian culture that had produced the art in Chauvet Cave. In 2010, the remains of a 33,000 year old skull of a domesticated Canid from Siberia were found in the Altai Mountains of Southern Siberia. In 2011, the skeleton of a 26,000 to 27,000 year old dog were found in the Czech Republic. It had been interred with a mammoth bone in it's mouth - perhaps to assist it's journey in the afterlife.
All the list of ancient human civilization in the world?
This is an alphabetically ordered list of ancient civilizations. It includes types of cultures, traditions, and industries as well as more traditionally defined civilizations. Abbevillian industry Acheulean industry Aegean civilizations Amratian culture Ancestral Pueblo culture Ancient Egypt Ancient Greek civilization Ancient Iran Ancient Italic people The ancient Middle East Ancient Rome Andean cultures Archaic culture Assyria Aterian industry Aurignacian culture Australian Aboriginal peoples Azilian industry Badarian culture Banpo culture Big-Game Hunting Tradition Boian culture Capsian industry Carthage Chavín Chellean industry Choukoutienian industry Clactonian industry Dawenkou culture Desert cultures Dong Son culture Dorset culture El Argar Erlitou culture Ertebølle industry Fauresmith industry Gerzean culture Ghassulian culture Hohokam culture Hongshan culture Ibero-Maurusian industry Indus civilization Inugsuk culture Ipiutak culture Jōmon culture Kachemak culture Kurgan culture Lapita culture LBK culture Longshan culture Lupemban industry Magdalenian culture Maglemosian industry Magosian industry Mesopotamia Minoan civilization Mississippian culture Moche Mogollon culture Mousterian industry Mycenaean civilization Nachikufan industry Natufian culture Nazca Nok culture Old Cordilleran culture Oldowan industry Osteodontokeratic tool industry Paracas Perigordian industry Phoenicia pre-Columbian civilizations Qijia culture Recuay Sangoan industry Solutrean industry Stillbay industry Tasian culture Tayacian industry Teotihuacán civilization Thule culture Trypillya culture Urnfield culture Villanovan culture Woodland cultures Yangshao culture Yayoi culture
How was the Sumerians society organized?
How was the Sumerian societies Organized?The Chaldeans from the land of the Chaldees developed their ancient 'me' culture in Samara, Iraq(Erech) as also in Russia's city called Samarra. By the late 6th millennium BC, Sumer was divided into about a dozen independent city-states, whose limits were defined by canals and megalithic boundary stones. Each was centered on a temple dedicated to the particular patron god or goddess of the city and was ruled over by a priest (ensi) or the later Akkadians as king (lugal), which was intimately tied to the city's religious rites and laws.The Sumerian Empire was set up as a Confederation where each City-State ELECTED Priest-governor that had managed his State under a Democratic Republic. The politics were run by the large affluent Merchants, the bourgeoisie that were as Congressmen making Laws and ruled by their Judicial System/Burgher System. Only the Sumerian could vote for their Senators and Governors, their foreign, a different race of Laborers could not vote in the city-States of the 'J' DNA aristocratic Race in the Sumerian Empire.*Uruk(Erech) probably grew to a population of around 45,000. It was easily the largest city in the area, although the older cities of Eridu to the south and Kish to the north may have eventually rivaled it. Irrigation improvements as well as a supply of raw materials for craftsmen provided an incentive for this industrial growth. In fact, the city of Anand Inannaseems to have been at the heart of a trade network which stretched from southern Turkey to eastern Iran.These government buildings served as the civic as well as religious purposes by the en. These high priests served in these government temples as both the spiritual and temporal leader. Other temples were assigned and recognized as governmental buildings for craftsmen schools of many trades -same as the Builder Guilds of today. They had schools for children and Engineering and Science including all subjects as seen in today's Education. Some buildings where used as agricultural produce that would be stored and distributed -as does the Agriculture Department's function today- foods distributed world wide. Some governmental temples is where their Laws and Regulations were initiated and enforced, even as it is also in the government buildings or Basilicas into present times. This was also the practice in all ancient civilizations such as the Indus River Valley cities, Egyptian cities, Israel, Minoan Islands, Athenian Greeks, Roman providences, Asian countries, and still the practice used in Russia, England, USA, and many other places where civilization exists today.It is a historic story about the Sumerian god's love affairs, angers, power struggles, using symbolic allegoric expressions to a representation of something. Same as seen in Greek Mythology! It shows the Lugals {word: Akkadian Kings) of the northerners, probably of Aryan and Adamic descent, through warfare, the Akkadians freed themselves from the dominating Sumerian aristocracy (Burgher System). But even so, the Sumerian priest-governors (word: "patesi") and their merchants and governmental administrators of their cultural supremacy placated and employed the Akkadians. Even though, through all the wars, the Akkadians appear to be the rulers of the Middle East by around the 24th century BP, the Sumerians were still the administrators of the Akkadian Cities as "The Ones Behind the Veil"! The Sumerians were called "burgers" by the Akkadians at this period and the name continued to be used throughout history. These Sumerian "Burghers" had continued the Aurignacian Culture and Industry.The Aurignacian 35,000 BP Industrial culture {a Cro-Magnon's Basque-Atlantique people} occupied a vast geographic range, with concentrations in the High-Danube region of Germany, in Austria, in the Moravian region of Slovakia, and in the Santander region of Spain. Their industry produced food, advanced tools, and weapons. This produced a dependant civilization on the Industrial elite {also known as the gods and many with Sumerian names} to provide for their subsistence. 163 PicBeliefs becomes a person's realityThe Mother goddess statues represented 'the bringer of Life' are found throughout the Aurignacian period. She seemed to set forth a Fertility of Nature, the belief for Mankind's sustenance and rebirth. This culture was characterized by remains of animal sacrifices found over most of the ancient civilization sites uncovered by archaeological findings. This was also the studies and philosophy of the Samarians of Sumer; an integrated culture with a similar politically religious idea of practicing a culture as order and relating to nature as chaos.This could have been a mixture of the {Helens} Helios/Sun god as the Phoenix bird and the {Burger's} flying Naga/Serpent. These politically religious ideas can be seen with the Aryan-Akkadian 'Kingship' and of the Sumerian 'Democratic Republic'. This mixed melting pot of beliefs became a recognized symbol with the flying Serpent wrapped around the Sun. This symbolizes the Serpent bringing the Sun under forcible control; the control over the Life giving Sun. This is the Alchemist's politically religious idea of Hermes' Serpent Tree of Knowledge; snakes=Knowledge/ to sustain life; bird/wings= heavenly messengers; sun= burnt sacrifice, life giving light; the Doctor's Cadamus emblem! Two Serpents= the ancient symbols for "merchants and thieves".The Sumerian's stories tell how their system works. 43, 7, Apx The uniform organization of a city and its institutions give evidence that their civilizations were very disciplined. Commerce and administrative duties were performed by governors according to the 'Me' standards laid out. Municipal administration was strict.For instance:Citizens possessed a sump, or collection chamber to deposit solid waste in order to prevent the clogging of city drains. Drains, manholes and cesspools kept the city clean and deposited the waste in the river, which was washed out during high tide. They engineered these sophisticated civilizations for industry and trade. See Vol. 3, Page163.The conspicuous absence of the pronounced militaristic tendencies [They did have their Court of Law, Lawyers, and Police!] in a controlled civilized society raises the obvious question of how an élite established or maintained its authority. It may well be that the manipulation of Man's nature into a religious ideology may have lain at the very heart of the {Knowledgeable Ones} elite's so-called heavenly powers.symbolic word-languageThe legacy of the ancient world's industrial development into civilizations of work-trade settlements consisted of corporate Republics and Kingships. Some were a Socialistic system and some were a Nationalistic system -both being encountered, together or not, as a cultural belief. This cultural belief corresponds to a symbolic word-language taught to their subjects - the citizens. All forms of language are innately symbolic, and any system of symbols can form a "language". Human oral language is based in the use of written forms and are typically deferential to the phoneme {: sound differentiation}. The written word is therefore symbolically representative of both the symbolic phoneme and directly to the cognitive concept that it represents. Cultures have developed complex symbolic systems, often referred to as a symbolic system that assigns certain attributes to specific things. 14, 137 Picssymbols of astronomical religionAs symbols can express a person, place or thing as negative or positive, it also can express a natural phenomenon that one can relate to as extraordinary, religious or miraculous. It is a phenomenon when one realizes that the Sun grows food that we eat to stay alive. This is a Life Giving phenomenon. The "o" is drawn around and around that could represent affinity, no ending, as does the sun god symbol representing Life Giving and everlasting life. The 'LIGHT' is the Life giving Spirit in which displays Light Rays. 'Bright and Morning Stars' light rays also would symbolize & "Life giving Spirit" as does Venusi with her 5 cycling Rose Pattern display '. Now her Rose symbol represents those places or people having the Life giving Spirit. When Venus moves between the Sun and Earth , she is the 'All Seeing Eye' that sends her lover's Spirit {Sun Rays} into a Virgin ^ {also a sign of Virgo Star Constellation} that becomes the Mother of god birthing a 'son of god' and this son becomes a Bright and Morning Star, a god or angel when he dies. He dies on a Tree for judgment and rebirth such as: The Northern Cross star group enters center of Milky-way, ie, the Black Hole, the Great Rift, Tiamat -Queen Mother- the Great Serpent's center of the Life Giving Waters, the center of the Great River of Judgment for Rebirth. 3, 4 PicsAncient civilized Man and their idealism of religion and societyDependencyThe *'me' governmental law system came from the chaYah people called Elahim. This system was to incorporate all the trade settlements into a "One World Order" after all the Earth populations became civilized. The "me" political system of government keeps order in mysterious ways. It provides mankind's natural 'wants' innate in mankind's nature; but mankind's natural wants in the beginning was not necessarily their needs. This system brings one from an independence to a 'want' satisfaction into a 'need' stage to exist in a civilization. This "need" is a dependency that a government promises to provide necessities to its citizen. 7 ApxTheir priests, rabbi, shamans, smiths, or druids were the Knowledgeable Ones that 'created' commerce by creating a need for it. Their knowledge of the Heavens and Earth's nature of alchemy gave them a supernatural or spiritual omnipotence appearance to the Hunter Gatherer. It appeared to the Earth People that the Knowledgeable Ones had a universal power and authority in the heavens and on Earth, they were considered Star People and Elohim angel-gods from the Heavens. Therefore, through astronomy, it became a heavenly inspired trend for the Earth's People to believe in. Guided by the Cro-Magnon-Atilan, the Atlantique's priests and governors tempted humankind to partake of their industrial goods and very little -mostly lies- of their tree of knowledge (WORLD Educational System). They educate their LaborForce to become skilled laborers for their industry and promise prosperity in material goods for an easier way of life. It is the illusion of creating the Garden of Paradise for the laborer; but really, it has always been for the small elite merchandizing burgherfamily groups. They are the Ones Behind the Veil designated as the Elahim that bears the Crest of the Double Eagle, the Fleur de Lis, and the national flags that fly the Cross or Star. This scam 'from the Serpent people'(Gen. II) is their reasoning for the World Bank's International Industrial complex, WTO, and their World Educational System as to teach citizens the needed labor skills for their industries! [306 and 36 Appendix]ORGANIZEThere has been many species or should I say many DNA haplogroups of the, what I call, human beings. They have diverse genetics that have mixed and some have been eliminated by mass murder. These mass murders had been conducted by a race that had the capability to organize and sustain a large army. Through ancient history, there had been only one species that had that capability to do so. They were the ones that had organized aborigines and knew how to keep order and control and to develop them into a civilization. They used the Burgher System! This was realized in the 32,000 Aurignacian period first located in the Pyrenees and northwestern France as the Cro-Magnon race with their Aurignacian Culture. These later became known as the Atilan/Atantique's culture of the Basque and Aquilonia and Aquitaine mixed genetically and became as the 'R1b' DNA Celts. Pic pg 42, 62, 80By: Richard David Dellerman, dellerman9090@live.com dtd:21Jun2013
What is the earliest known work of art?
The earliest known Western paintings were executed deep within caves of southern Europe during the Paleolithic period, some 15,000 to 20,000 years ago. The early development of painting continued in the Mediterranean littoral. AThe paintings still preserved on the walls of caves in Spain and southern France portray with amazing accuracy bison, horses, and deer. These representations were painted in bright colors composed of various minerals ground into powders and mixed with animal fat, egg whites, plant juices, fish glue, or even blood and applied with brushes made of twigs and reeds, or blown on. The pictures may have been part of a magic ritual, although their exact nature is unclear. In a cave painting at Lascaux, France, for example, a man is depicted among the animals, and several dark dots are included; the purpose of the design remains obscure, but shows the cave dwellers' ability to record their thoughts with images, signs, and symbols. See Paleolithic Art.
