An M1 Carbine was a rifle invented in 1942. It shoots a 30 carbine bullet, which is longer than a pistol bullet but shorter than a rifle bullet. It is semiautomatic, which mans you can just keep shooting it without reloading or cocking the gun. The outsid is wood and the inside is metal. It was reloaded by putting a clip of bullts in the bottom of the gun which made the clip stick out. The clips used were 10, 15 and 30 round clips. It was mass produced from 1942 to 1945 and was used by the army through the Vietnam War, which ended in 1975. It is quite small compared to other guns.
About 300 yards on average.
You've got a post war gun. That's really all the info there is.
Unless it was made after WWII by some small company, it has to have a series of letters spelling out a word under the sight on the receiver which would be the one that is a circle and not on front of the barrel. All guns legally have to have a serial number somewhere.
The Magazines are M1Carbine magazines (which also fit the M2). This is a complex subject. Please see the link below to an article from the US Civilian Marksmanship program. In general, if it looks too good to be true, it is.