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There are many disorders that may affect thyroid hormones in adults. The most common are:

  • Hashimoto's disease
  • Graves' disease
  • Thyroid nodules
  • Thyroid cancer
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Q: What is an endocrine disorder of the thyroid gland that affects adults?
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The thyroid is a butterfly shaped gland located in the neck, behind the larynx. The whole body is affected by the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland; therefore it is difficult if not impossible to say that the thyroid has an effect on one organ, more than another. The hormones produced by the thyroid regulate most of the body's organs; the pituitary gland regulates and monitors the amount of the thyroid's hormone levels; telling it what to product, release and store. Too much thyroid hormone, as well as too little, can have an effect upon the body and how it functions. So when the thyroid is functioning well, the whole body is well; but as a thyroid problem develops the body can become ill, and in some cases even die.If the thyroid functions as it should, it regulates the rate of the body's metabolism, the rate of growth, body weight, body temperature, skeletal and muscle strength, heart-rate, breathing, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, brain development, nervous system, concentration, energy level, immune system, condition of tissues, skin and hair. Another primary function of the thyroid is the conversion of iodine into hormones that are used throughout the body, these are thyroxine and triiodothyronine; and if the thyroid is functioning well, it inhibits the production of thyrotropin and thyrotropin which can have a negative effect on the body's organs.There are several thyroid hormone disorders/diseases, some of these are Graves disease (those most affected are 30-50), Autoimmune thyroid syndrome/condition (affecting mostly women), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (one of the autoimmune disorders), Papillary thyroid cancer (most common type of thyroid cancer, and readily spreads to other organs), general Thyroid Endocrine cancer (occurs most often after 40 and is one of the most common endocrine cancers), (Addison's disease - there is a connection between the thyroid pathology and some individuals with Addison's disease), Thyroid Nodules (middle aged women are most effect and most nodules are non-cancerous), Thyroid Eye disease (found most in smokers with thyroid disorders/diseases, including those with Graves disease), Hyperthyroidism (called "overactive thyroid," the thyroid makes excessive hormones), Myxedema Hypothyroidism (can result in coma, even death)…