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What is an enzyme that is also an antibiotic that kill disease-causing bacteria?
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∙ 15y ago
Enzyme Inhibitors
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
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What chemical in your tears kills?
Your tears contain the enzyme lysozyme. This chemical disrupts the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria by digesting the peptidoglycan in them. This enzyme is also found in your saliva and is an example of a non-specific immune response.
What could be the reason if there is reports of bacterial susceptibility but the patient is not responding?
antibiotic was not taken properly or the bacteria have become resistant. might also be because of lab mistakes or infection from a different site. :)
Explain the mechanism of gram staining?
The slide is colored with purple and red stains, then examined under a microscope. The color of stain picked up and retained by the bacteria (purple or red), their shape (such as round or rectangle), and their size provide valuable clues to their identity
Is antibiotic resistance proof of evolution?
You have a population of bacteria that are all variant, morphologically and, rather redundantly, genetically. The antibiotic is applied and some of these bacteria are resistant ( this is simplistic, but valid ) and survive to reproduce. They have been naturally selected and their alleles, which conferred their resistance, are represented in the next generation of bacteria. This is evolution; the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms.
Describe the use of plasmids as vectors in biotechnology?
Plasmids are often used as expression vectors in biotechnology. Plasmids are small, circular or linear pieces of DNA containing non-essential genes that are found in all life, although much more common in prokaryotes, especially bacteria. These genes confer abilities such as metabolizing a previously unusable compound, building an amino acid previously unbuildable, or even antibiotic resistance. Plasmids are used in research to induce the expression of a gene usually not found in the given organism. For example, you can construct a plasmid with a bacterial promoter connected to the gene for a human protein through a process called 'cloning'. The plasmid with the human gene can then be introduced into bacteria by transforming a competent gram-negative with the plasmid. Usually the plasmid also has an antibiotic resistance gene in addition to the target gene. This antibiotic resistance can be used to select for bacteria containing the plasmid. For example, the most common resistance gene is ampicillin resistance gene. If you grow the transformed bacteria in a culture containing ampicillin, only bacteria containing the antibiotic resistance, and therefore containing the plasmid, can survive. This will ensure that what you have is a pure culture of bacteria containing the plasmid. After selection, these bacteria can be cultured in suitable media to increase their numbers to a point that their production of the human protein becomes appreciable. Then these bacteria are usually lysed (killed) to extract the protein. Sometimes, however, these bacteria can also be made to secrete the protein into the medium.
What is antibiotic resistant bacteria?
Also known as "superbugs", antibiotic resistant bacteria have evolved to a point that our usual antibiotics won't kill them. VRE and MRSA are common forms of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Why does an antibiotic not work the same for all bacteria?
Bacteria also do evolve. If one bacteria is mutated, and survives an attack by antibiotic, he multiplies and forms more bacteria which are more resistant against antibiotic. As days of surviving antibiotics and multiplying eventually creates a bacteria which is resistant against it.
What bacteria is called superbug infection?
diptheria There are an extremely large amount of diseases caused by bacteria, but fortunately bacterial diseases are easily cured with antibiotics, whereas viral diseases cannot be cured (only the symptoms can be treated) and must run there coarse.
What is antibiotics.?
An antibiotic is a substance which can destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and other similar microorganisms.
The drug used against intestinal anaerobic bacteria that can also alter normal flora causing antibiotic-associated colitis is?
Clindamycin
How is resistance to antibiotics shared from one bacteria to another?
Bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics through the process of natural selection. The antibiotic will kill most of the population of bacteria but not all because some of them already have the resistance. Also if the antibiotic is not utilized correctly ( according to a physicians instructions ) some of the more hardy individuals of the bacteria population will live. These bacteria breed and produce offspring that are also more resistant to antibiotics. Generations of bacteria happen much more rapidly than with people so the ability of bacteria to adapt to new environments is much more robust with respect to time.
How do tears act as barriers against harmful organisms?
Human tears contain the enzyme lysozyme which disrupts the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria by digesting the peptidoglycan in it. This enzyme can also be found in your saliva.
What is the biggest challenge in developing a new antibiotic?
Killing the bacteria without harming the patient. Their cells are relatively similar so it can be difficult to target bacteria. Antibiotics also often have adverse side effects.
What is an explanation of how antibiotic resistance occurs?
Bacterial resistances are developed due to mutations that are passed down from generations of bacteria. Antibiotics generally kill all but the strongest bacteria or bacteria that have resistances to these antibiotics, resulting in only these bacteria reproducing, passing on the antibiotic resistances to future generations. Over time, entire populations of bacteria can develop a resistance to an antibiotic if they are frequently exposed to it. Bacterial resistances are developed due to mutations that are passed down from generations of bacteria. Antibiotics generally kill all but the strongest bacteria or bacteria that have resistances to these antibiotics, resulting in only these bacteria reproducing, passing on the antibiotic resistances to future generations. Over time, entire populations of bacteria can develop a resistance to an antibiotic if they are frequently exposed to it. Bacterial resistances are developed due to mutations that are passed down from generations of bacteria. Antibiotics generally kill all but the strongest bacteria or bacteria that have resistances to these antibiotics, resulting in only these bacteria reproducing, passing on the antibiotic resistances to future generations. Over time, entire populations of bacteria can develop a resistance to an antibiotic if they are frequently exposed to it.
How does the growth of antibiotic resistance in bacteria support the theory of evolution in natural selection?
All bacteria, as are all organisms, are variants and some of these variants are resistant to antibiotics. So, a population of bacteria, in their immediate environment, are subjected to an antibiotic and most succumb. So, the resistant, survive the onslaught ( are naturally selected ) and reproduce progeny that are also resistant to the antibiotic. So, allele frequency shifts and evolution occurs die to the adaptive change conferred on the progeny population by natural selection.
Why does antibiotic resistance evolve in bacteria?
A random mutation in one bacteria can result in this. think of a huge population of bacteria. billions of bacteria. and only 5 or so have the resistance by a random chance (random mutation). the antiobiotics will kill all of bacteria, except for the 5 with the resistance. Then, only those 5 will reproduce. since they reproduce asexually, this resistance will be passed on to all of the daughter. Then, all of sudden, there are a lot of bacteria around that are resistant to the antibiotic... it can also occur by conjugation, which is when a bacteria inserts its DNA into another bacteria. this can result in the second bacteria having the resistance too. this is a very basic description of the process.
What are the conditions that keep antiseptic resistant bacteria populations low?
Extremely high temperatures can keep antibiotic resistant bacteria low. This is what is used in Pasteurization. Environments where UV light is present are also ones where bacteria can be kept low, as the bacteria cannot survive exposure to this type of light.
