A Bitmap is a file you can save pictures as like JPEG or PNG, in photoshop it means save the picture as a bitmap
Photoshop is a raster image editor. Raster and Bitmap are two words for the same thing, so Photoshop is raster or Bitmap image editor, somewhere you will see raster, somewhere bitmap as explanation but it is basically same thing. Photoshop is primarily designed to work with bitmap images which are raster images in other words.
Yes, it can be used to edit many types of image files, including bitmap images.
If you are referring to a bitmap image, it can be opened in Microsoft Paint, Adobe Photoshop, and GIMP. Most any image or photo program should be able to open a bitmap image.
Vector and bitmap, raster or pixel. Type, shapes like circle are vectors and can be saved and edited if they are in .psd or .tif format saved. Pixel, raster or bitmap images can be edited and saved in any format, Photoshop supports almost any format.
GIMP, just like Photoshop or MS Paint, is a bitmap program. Vector programs are programs that are based around curved and straight lines to create an image that doesn't have any pixels.
I bet you have your default format set to bitmap or black and white. The format must be either RGB or CMYK.
Almost any format of bitmap or pixel based images: JPEG, PNG, TIFF, PSD, GIF and so on.
Photoshop can not save vector image but you can work with vector shapes inside Photoshop. There are many similarities, you can add elements to image like type, shape, change color... big difference is that you can not enlarge bitmap image without losing quality.
On a Windows computer, MS Paint allows you to edit bitmap, JPEG and GIF images. Photoshop allows you to do this professionally.
There are two fundamentally different types of graphics image - Vector images and Bitmap images. Vector images are made up of lines, polygons etc. Bitmap images are made up of pixels of color. The type of package used depends on the type of image you're trying to work with. Whilst there is some overlap between the two, ie you can create some vector artwork in photoshop and you can do some minimal bitmap work in illustrator, in essence illustrator is a vector graphics package where you draw your image with lines etc. Photoshop is a fully featured bitmap editing package
Almost every single vector editing piece of software can today, for example MSPaint, Paint.NET, GIMP, Photoshop, Inkscape, Irfanview...
CorelDRAW is a vector drawing illustration application, while Photoshop is a raster (or bitmap) image editing and painting application. Vector drawing uses mathematical equations (inside the program, the user doesn't have to worry about the math) to define the lines, curves, angles, etc. of a line drawing or collage style image. Raster or Bitmap images define the color properties of each individual pixel of an image, for pictures more like paintings or photographs. Vector drawings can be less "realistic" looking and more illustrative. Vector drawing is ideal for line drawings, logos, diagrams, plans, charts, maps, and so on. Due to their mathematical properties, vector drawings also scale without loss or distortion, while bitmap images become distorted (pixelated, jaggy) if they are enlarged or reduced (much).