Prominence
This is called a black spot and is where the sun is hottest on the surface.
craters
A maria
The relatively cooler areas are called sunspots. They are regions of high magnetic flux and appear and disappear, most notably on an 11-Earth-year cycle.
The outer surface of the moon is called the crust.
temperature
Subsidence.
Subsidence.
Fluitary
Maria
An unnatural temperature increase in the atmosphere near the Earth's surface is called global warming
An unnatural temperature increase in the atmosphere near the Earth's surface is called global warming
Global warming
A representation on a plane surface showing regions of the Earth is called a 'projection'. Or it might simply be called a map.
This area is called the Doldrums. Horse Latitudes are farther north.
This is called a black spot and is where the sun is hottest on the surface.
A temperature inversion.