A service is a program on the computer that provides a function for your software, such at the NetBIOS service that connects windows workgroup machines, or the DHCP Client that acquires a network address for your computer when you connect to the internet. A protocol is a language the computer uses to exchange information. For example, TCP/IP is used to negotiate connection and transfer data over the Internet, and HTTP is a protocol that handles transferring data between WWW servers, and clients.
Three concepts are central to the OSI layers:
1. Services
2. Interfaces
3. Protocols
The service defines what the layer does for the upper layer,not how entities above access it.
The layer's interface tells the upper layers HOW TO ACCESS IT.
The protocols used in a layer are of its own business. It can be changed anytime without affecting software in higher layers.
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Interior routing protocols are used to communicate within a single autonomous system. Exterior routing protocols are used to communicate between multiple autonomous systems.
A procedure is a set way to do something. A step by step process. Protocols are guidelines only on how to do something.
-Unacknowledged connectionless service consists of having the source machine send independent frames to the destination machine without having the destination machine acknowledged. Most LAN's use this service. -Acknowledged connectionless service in this service there are no logical connections used but each frame sent individually acknowledged. In this way the sender knows whether a frame has arrived correctly. It is useful on wireless systems.
Classless protocols send a subnet mask with each route advertisement
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