Direc. Prop. To sq. root of antennna Gain
For any parabolic antenna used to focus radio waves, the following formula is pretty good. GdB = 20 log( F D ) + 7.5 G = the gain of the antenna in dB, compared to an isotropic antenna F = the frequency, in GHz, at which the gain is 'G' D = the diameter of the parabola, in feet The formula assumes that the antenna's efficiency is 50% . If this bothers you and you want to assume 100% efficiency, simply change the ' 7.5 ' to ' 10.5 '. The formula shows that if the diameter of the antenna is doubled, or if the frequency of interest is doubled, then the antenna has four times as much gain ( + 6 dB ).
Just like any antenna used to collect electromagnetic energy at any other frequency, the 'gain' is proportional to the antenna's area. Since the area varies as the square of the collector's diameter, doubling the diameter increases the gain by a factor of 22 = 4. The corresponding increase in gain is 6 dB.
Propagation carried out by man and not naturally.
Transmitter => Antenna =========> Antenna => Receiver Receiver <=== Antenna <========= Antenna <= Transmitter
The earth station depends on the following parameters• Transmitter power• Choice of frequency• Gain of antenna• Antenna efficiency• Antenna pointing accuracy• Noise temperature• Local conditions such as wind, weather etc,• Polarization• Propagation losses
an antenna with 0 gain. What you hear and transmit is what you get from your 2-way radio.
increases by 6 dB
The size of an antenna depends upon the frequecny of the RF signal and the gain.
EIRP (Dbm)= Output Power(Dbm)-Losses(from cables & adapters)+Antenna Gain(Db)
It depends upon the type of antenna. For example, a Yagi antenna's gain can be increased by adding elements. A parabolic antenna's gain can be increased by increasing the diameter of the antenna. All antennas can have their gain increased by lowering the loss of the feed line. By replacing regular coaxial cable with nitrogen pressurized coax, the overall gain at the receiving end can be increased. Gain can also be increased by inserting an amplifier between the antenna and the receiver. Another method of increasing gain is to reduce the VSWR, or voltage standing wave ratio.
microstip patch array antenna is basically ,thecollection of antenna that give the double directive gain
Antennas provide so called passive gain, which means it comes from particular shape of the antennaThe gain of an antenna is a passive phenomenon - power is not added by the antenna, but simply redistributed to provide more radiated power in a certain direction than would be transmitted by an isotropic antenna. If an antenna has a gain greater than one in some directions, it must have a gain less than one in other directions, since energy is conserved by the antenna.SOURCE: wikipedia.com
http://www.amazon.com/Cisco-Linksys-High-Antenna-Connectors-HGA7T/dp/B0002F3G7M is a great place to get the latest high gain antenna with great prices.
A simplified explanation is that the antenna does for radio waves what a lens does for light because of physics.
Antenna gain of base station for a specific user depends on antenna pattern, antenna orientation (azimuth and tilt) and user's coordinates with respect to base station.
Italian Space Agency provided the High Gain Antenna for the Cassini Space Probe. The HGA was built by Alenia Aerospazio.