The momenta of the rifle and the bullet are equal and opposite. The bullet has greater kinetic energy than the rifle.
Rifle and bullet (The bullet is dependent on the rifle to accomplish its purpose)
One difference is that the inside of a shotgun barrel is smooth and the inside of a rifle barrel is what they call "fluted" which puts rotation on the bullet as it moves though the barrel.
The barrel guides and accelerates the bullet out of the rifle, and imparts spin to the bullet to stabilize the bullet in flight.
There is no one answer- it depends on the rifle. They are generally less powerful than a full size battle rifle cartridge. The M16 rifle uses a 5.56mm bullet, the AK47 a 7.62mm bullet, etc.
That would depend on the caliber, and type of bullet, the rifle uses.
Have it examined by a good gunsmith. This rifle use a .22 caliber bullet, long rifle.
because the bullet and the rifle have equal and opposite direction,so a bullet have high kinetic energy and momentum
Basically, a rifle is a place to direct the explosion of gunpowder directly to the bullet to increase the efficiency of gunpowder so the bullet can travel faster, and increase the bullet's momentum so it does more damage. The rifle also is used to increase the accuracy of the bullet. By focusing the blast directly behind the bullet, the bullet is more likely to travel in the intended direction. Striations in the rifle also spin the bullet so it corkscrews forward, making the path of the bullet straighter.
Rifling. The barrel is not smooth on the inside. There are small grooves spiraling down the barrel which makes the bullet spin. Nearly all shotguns do not have rifling in the barrel.
Sticks
The .45 caliber bullet is not used in a sniper rifle.