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neucleotides
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What are internal non coding regions of RNA called?
Internal noncoding regions of RNA are called introns. They are segments of an RNA molecule that interrupt the sequence of genes.
What is removed from pre-mRNA during RNA processing?
In RNA processing, introns are removed from pre-mRNA to generate mature mRNA. Introns are non-coding regions of the pre-mRNA that do not contain instructions for protein synthesis. The remaining exons are spliced together to form the mature mRNA that can be translated into a protein.
What happens when mutation occurs in a noncoding region?
Mutations in noncoding regions can impact gene expression by affecting regulatory elements such as promoters or enhancers. These mutations can alter how genes are transcribed and ultimately impact the production of functional proteins. Some mutations in noncoding regions may not have any observable effect on gene expression or phenotypic traits.
Why are genetic markers from noncoding regions useful in distinguishing DNA fingerprints?
Genetic markers from noncoding regions are useful in distinguishing DNA fingerprints because they are highly variable between individuals, making them good for identifying unique genetic profiles. Noncoding regions have a high mutation rate, which increases genetic diversity and provides a greater ability to differentiate between individuals based on their DNA profiles. By examining multiple noncoding markers, scientists can create a detailed and specific DNA fingerprint that is unique to each individual.
Noncoding portion of DNA is composed of?
The noncoding portion of DNA is composed of several types of sequences, including introns, which are removed during RNA processing, and repetitive elements, such as transposons and satellite DNA. These sequences do not code for proteins, but play important roles in gene regulation, genome stability, and chromosomal structure.
What is the significance of noncoding DNA to DNA identification?
Noncoding DNA, also known as junk DNA, does not code for proteins but can contain unique variations that are specific to individuals. By analyzing these variations in noncoding DNA regions, forensic scientists can create a DNA profile for identification purposes, as these variations are highly specific to each person. This can be particularly useful in cases where coding DNA is not available or is not as informative for identification.
Why is the outdated term junk DNA a misnomer for noncoding regions of the human genome?
The conservation of "junk DNA" sequences in diverse genomes suggests that they have important functions.
Which regions of DNA are transcribed to RNA and then translated to form a polypeptide?
The regions of DNA that are transcribed to RNA are called exons. These exons will then be spliced together to form messenger RNA (mRNA), which will be translated into a polypeptide. Introns are the non-coding regions of DNA that are removed during the splicing process and are not translated into protein.
What is the name of the regions of RNA that code for proteins are called?
The regions of RNA that code for proteins are called exons. Exons are the segments of RNA that are retained after the splicing process, where non-coding regions known as introns are removed. Together, exons are translated into amino acids to form proteins during the process of translation.
How does RNA polymerase determine its binding location on the DNA strand?
RNA polymerase determines its binding location on the DNA strand by recognizing specific sequences of nucleotides called promoter regions. These promoter regions contain signals that indicate where the RNA polymerase should start transcribing the DNA into RNA. The RNA polymerase binds to these promoter regions with the help of other proteins, allowing it to initiate the transcription process at the correct location on the DNA strand.
What are the two jobs that RNA polymerase performs?
transcription: produces RNA, initiation and elongation of RNA chains from a DNA template
Do exons contain noncoding DNA?
Exons are the portions of a gene that code for the final protein product and typically do not contain noncoding DNA. Noncoding DNA is more commonly found in introns, which are the intervening sequences between exons.
