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A pathological condition characterized by the combination of fibrin and cellular debris, found inside the alveolar sacks of the lungs. They are the result of leakage of blood components into the alveolar sacks. They inhibit gas exhange and result in systemic hypoxia, with possible death in premature babies and symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults.

For example, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome features intra-alveolar hyaline membranes. This disease occurs in premature births. The newborn has not produced sufficient surfactant and so most of the alveoli in his/her lungs collapse. The few remaining alveoli are given the entire blood supply of the lung. Overloading of the blood vessels causes high hydrostatic pressure and eventual leakage of blood components into the alveoli supplied by the blood vessel. As these components accumulate, intra-alveolar hyaline membranes start to form. The membranes hinder the gas-exchange that would normally take place in the alveoli, leading to systemic hypoxia. This is the most common cause of death in premature babies.

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Q: What is intra-alveolar hyaline membrane?
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