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In the electrometallurgy of aluminium, a fused mixture of purified alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 ) and fluorspar (CaF 2 ) is electrolysed. In this electrolysis, graphite is used as the anode and graphite-lined iron is used as the cathode. During the electrolysis, Al is liberated at the cathode, while CO and CO 2 are liberated at the anode, according to the following equation.
If a metal is used instead of graphite as the anode, then O 2 will be liberated. This will not only oxidise the metal of the electrode, but also convert some of the Al liberated at the cathode back into Al 2 O 3 . Hence, graphite is used for preventing the formation of O 2 at the anode. Moreover, graphite is cheaper than other metals.
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How do you convert 5 grams of Al to mole?
5 grams Al (1mol Al/26.98g )= 0.185 mol
What is the chemical symbol for Al?
Al is the chemical symbol of aluminium.
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1 mole Al = 6.022 x 1023 atoms Al 0.2mol Al x 6.022 x 1023 atoms Al/1mol Al = 1 x 1023 atoms Al (rounded to 1 significant figure)
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