Catenary
That is depends on the factor of sag and clearance required. And also on the level of voltage transmission used.
Sag is provided in transmission lines in order to lessen the tension of the transmission lines. Sag literally means to be bend in shape. In overhead transmission lines , the difference in level between points of supports (towers or utility poles) and the lowest point on the conductor is called a sag. Explanation: While erecting an overhead line, it is very important that the conductors are under safe tension. If the conductors are too much stressed between the supports ( towers, utility poles), then the stress on the conductors may reach to an unsafe level and the conductor may break due to excessive pressure ( i,e tension). in order to permit safe tension in the conductors, the conductors ( i.e the transmission lines) are not fully stretched but are allowed to have a dip or a sag.
Sag in conductor wires refers to the amount of vertical droop or bend that occurs in the wire between two supporting structures, such as poles or towers. Sag is influenced by factors like the wire tension, temperature, and the weight of the wire itself. Properly managing sag is important to ensure the safe and reliable operation of overhead transmission and distribution lines.
The metal conductor in the line contracts in the cold of winter making the line more taunt, and expands making the line longer in the summer's heat. Thus the summer 'sag.'
The sag setting is necessary because it is physically impossible to have a suspended line with no sag. The sag is specified because there has to be a minimum clearance value for the height above ground at the centre of the sag where the cable is at its minimum height.
plot of conductor sag and span lengths
It's unavoidable.
Engine sag, stumble, hesitation, rpm flare, transmission shifts up and down, etc.Engine sag, stumble, hesitation, rpm flare, transmission shifts up and down, etc.
To calculate the sag between two transmission poles, you can use the catenary equation which considers the weight of the span wire and the tension in the wire. The formula takes into account the span length, weight per unit length of the wire, and the tension in the wire to determine the sag. It is important to ensure that the sag is within acceptable limits for safety and operational purposes.
Telephone lines are designed to sag to allow for thermal expansion and contraction, as well as to prevent them from breaking due to high winds or excessive tension. The sag also helps reduce stress on the poles and the wires themselves, ensuring the longevity and stability of the telephone line infrastructure.
-The tension of the cable (the tighter, the less sag, but this can cause other problems if too tight) -The temperature outside (the higher the temperature, the more it will sag) -The amount of current flowing through the cable (the more current, the hotter the conductor will get = more sag) -The type of cable (aluminimum will sag more than copper; ACSR will sag less than straight aluminimum).
You can disconnect the 1996 Jeep transmission lines with a 9/16 open end wrench. Be prepared for transmission fluid to come out of the transmission lines.