It is the government that follows Islamic teachings and rules.
Muslims today and in the past have lived under an incredible array of different governments (Caliphates, Sultanates, Empires, Kingdoms, Emirates, Presidential Republics, Parliamentary Republics, Confessionalist Republics, Authoritarian States, Military Juntas, etc.). There is no singular formula for an Islamic government.
Answer 2
According to Shia Islam the leader can be selected only by God. and in the duration of Occultation of infallible Imam (including current time) the leader should be a jurist. for more information about government of jurist at duration of occultation (the best example is current Islamic government of Iran) refer to below book written by Imam Khomeini the leader of Iran Islamic Revolution at 1979:
when the first muslim government in subcontinent was stablished by
muslim
If non-muslim is living in muslim state. Then non-muslim will give money to government. it is called Fidya
koran
An imam.
Muslim league demanded self government as well as a separate state i.e. Pakistan.
Shiates rule the government of Iran.
Islam is not a government. It is a religion. The Muslim may adopt any kind of Government as suited to their will.
Five
It is not true.
Actually, most countries are non-muslim, meaning either that they don't have a muslim majority, or that they don't have a muslim government.
socialist, all Muslim nations are Socialist