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What is the Sulfonation process to produce dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Dodycyle benzene is reacted with oleum or sulfuric acid in slow addition and strong agittation manner
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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How is benzene manufactured from crude oil?
Benzene is a natural part of crude oil along with hundreds of other chemicals. Benzene forms about 1% or less of crude oil. In the oil "cracking process" and related processing at the refinery various parts of chemicals from the crude oil can be recombined to form additional benzene.
Why ortha para directors activate the benzene ring?
Ortho-para directing groups are those which can donate the electrons (lone pair or bonding pair by hyperconjugation) to benzene ring and create a negative charge on ortho and para positions by process of resonance so the attack of next incoming electrophile becomes easier as compare to unsubstituted benzene.
How do you convert chloro benzene to p-nitro phenol?
I'd do it this way. Use Dow's Process (NaOH) to convert chlorobenzene to phenol. Now, use nitrating mixture to get both o and p- nitrophenol. Fractional distillation should give you what you finally need.
What are some chemicals in tide detergent?
Alkyl benzene sulfonates or ABS (also linear alkyl benzene sulfonates or LAS, linear alkyl sodium sulfonates). A class of synthetic surfactants (usually identified as "anionic surfactants.") ABS are very slow to biodegrade and seldom used. LAS, however, are the most common surfactants in use. During the manufacturing process, carcinogens and reproductive toxins such as benzene are released into the environment. While LAS do biodegrade, they do so slowly and are of low to moderate toxicity. LAS are synthetic. The pure compounds may cause skin irritation on prolonged contact, just like soap. Allergic reactions are rare. Because oleo-based alternatives are available, LAS should not be used.
How does extraction work?
DNA extraction starts with the cell or virus that needs to be studied. First, the cell is broken open. To do this, the cell is placed in a bead beating tube. Sodium acetate salt is applied to the cell to keep the proteins from degrading during the process. The detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is then applied to the cell to help remove the lipid membranes. It is then placed in phenol-chloroform for vortexing, to break down the proteinacious cellular walls.
What is sulfonation?
A sulfone contain the structure S(=O)2-R' where R' is an organic group.
What are the chemicals of making sulphonic acid?
You react oil with Sulphur Trioxide via falling film reactor or react oil with Oleum (very strong Sulphuric Acid) in a CSTR reactor. The name of the process is Sulphonation or Sulfonation depending on English or American spelling style.
What is the result when benzene gets ignited and undergoes the Baeyer's test?
Benzene is flammable so when it is ignited fire will be produced and then black soot will appear. When benzene undergoes Baeyer's test, the process is slow but it will turn brown.
How is benzene manufactured from crude oil?
Benzene is a natural part of crude oil along with hundreds of other chemicals. Benzene forms about 1% or less of crude oil. In the oil "cracking process" and related processing at the refinery various parts of chemicals from the crude oil can be recombined to form additional benzene.
Can benzene be replaced by nitrobenzene in friedel crafts alkylation?
The process would be unfavourable since the nitro (-NO2) group is strongly deactivating and would render the benzene ring in nitrobenzene less susceptible to electrophilic attack.
Why ortha para directors activate the benzene ring?
Ortho-para directing groups are those which can donate the electrons (lone pair or bonding pair by hyperconjugation) to benzene ring and create a negative charge on ortho and para positions by process of resonance so the attack of next incoming electrophile becomes easier as compare to unsubstituted benzene.
Does Polystyrene contain benzene rings?
Yes (and no!) The styrene molecule is a benzene ring with a -CH=CH2 group attached. In the polymerisation process, the double bonds in two adjacent groups are broken and joined to form a chain: -CH-CH2-CH-CH2-CH-CH2-CH-CH2-....... with a benzene ring off each -CH- group. I believe the benzene group is referred to as a "phenyl group" in complex molecules, such as polymers like polystyrene.
What is the importance of unit operation and unit process?
A unit operation involves a physical change examples drying, size reduction, distillation, filtration etc. where as unit process involves a chemical change or sometime it refered as chemical changes along with physical change example production of paracetamol from benzene.
How do you use a phenopthalene indicator?
phenols can be prepared by the following methods. 1) hydrolysis of cholorobenzene: in this process, chlorobenzene which can be obtained by the cholorinationof benzene, is heated at 350*C under high pressure with aqueous sodium hydroxide to get sodium phenoxide, which on acidification yields phenol. 2) pyrolosis of sodium benzenesulphonate: this, the first commercial process for industrial synthesizing phenol , was developed in Germany in 1890. sodium benzenesulphonate is melted with sodium hydrooxide at 350*C to produce sodium phenoxide, which on acidification yields phenol. 3) oxidaton of cumene: benzene is alkylated with propene to produce cumene, which is oxidized with air to produce cumene hydroperoxide, which on treatment with 10% sulfuric acid undergoes a hydrolytic rearrangement to yield phenol and acetone.
Why is phenylhydrazine a better neuclophile than aniline?
Yes, in phenyl hydrazine the electron pair on terminal nitrogen is always available for attack while in analine the electron pair of nitrogen is less available due to involvement in resonance process with benzene ring.
What do you see as the short term business priorities in your current position as a process plant chief operator?
As a process fuels plant engineer my short business priorities:are: continuous improvement in proces plants to ensure sustainability of the plants Maintaining production capacity at 60% now to ensure the availability of petroleum products re-stream Linear Akly Benzene plant and Lubes process plants to provide kero and touelene
How do you convert chloro benzene to p-nitro phenol?
I'd do it this way. Use Dow's Process (NaOH) to convert chlorobenzene to phenol. Now, use nitrating mixture to get both o and p- nitrophenol. Fractional distillation should give you what you finally need.
