When the primary and secondary voltages are the same the transformer is being used for isolation. The secondary side will have galvanic isolation from the primary side. The purpose of the is to protect secondary load if a fault occurs on the primary side. The impedance of the transformer will limit the fault current on the secondary which should save equipment.
The voltage induced into the secondary winding will be lower than the voltage applied to the primary winding. The primary winding being the winding connected to the supply, while the secondary winding is the one connected to the load.
All transformers contain both primary and secondary coils. The primary will refer to the secondary when the voltage is to high. As voltage increases, it passes down the power to the secondary for efficient distribution of power.
Transformers work on the induction principal of the flux of the primary winding cutting the wires of the secondary winding. The amount of turns in the primary in relationship to the amount of turns in the secondary is the transformers winding ratio. This ratio is what governs the voltage value of the secondary winding.
The way to identify any transformer is to look at the the transformers nameplate. The primary side will be designated H1 to H4. This is the primary side and the voltage will be stated as to the voltage to connect to. The secondary side will be designated X1 to X4. This is the secondary side and the voltage will be stated as to the voltage it will be transformer to.
In a transformer, the primary coil is the coil that has voltage applied to it. The secondary coil is the coil that we take voltage from. Transformers are used to step up voltage, step down voltage, or simply to isolate circuits.
The secondary voltage.
By looking to the number of turns in the Primary and Secondary Coils. "A Step down transformers are designed to reduce electrical voltage. Their primary voltage is greater than their secondary voltage. This kind of transformer "steps down" the voltage applied to it."
it decreases the high input voltage of its primary winding to a voltage level on secondary winding suitable for usage
It's installed on the high-voltage side.
Voltage on primary/Primary turns = Voltage on secondary/Secondary turns
% voltage drop on full load from the secondary to the primary due to leakage reactance and the resistance of the windings.Answer'Percentage impedance' is a confusing term. It describes the value of primary voltage that will cause the rated secondary current to flow in the short-circuited secondary winding, expressed as a percentage of the rated primary voltage.
The phase relationship between the primary voltage and the secondary voltage of a transformer is 180 degrees (typically) on single phase transformers. If working with three phase transformers, a zero phase shift is often used in Y/Y grounded transformers. If the transformer is wired Delta / Wye, the phase shift will be 30 degrees. I've seen transformers with a phase shift of 150 as well (quite abnormal, but it exists!) due to the starring and a delta / wye configuration. If you are looking at a transformer phasor diagram, this will show the phase shift between primary or secondary (three phase transformers). For single phase, there should be a drawing showing polarity markings - what goes in the polarity marking on the primary comes out on the secondary polarity marking.