Traditionally, the Torah is stored in a movable chest, rather than one that is built-in to the synagogue, on the theory that one never knows when crazed anti-Semitic mobs will arrive to burn down the synagogue, so it is necessary to be able to evacuate the Torah, which is a holy object. This chest is officially known as an ark. That is the same term that you may remember from the movie Indiana Jones, where he is in search of (and finds) the Ark of the Covenant. It's the same idea, except that the Ark of the Covenant contains the stone tablets upon which God inscribed the Ten Commandments, rather than containing the Torah. In both cases, the ark has the virtue of being easily carried.
Ark
It has to hold at least 10 Jews, preferrably with seating for all. Most synagogues also have at least 1 Torah and a special cupboard where it is kept, called a Holy Ark.
It's called a synagogue congregation.
A small cupboard is called a cabinet or a cupboardette.
Technically, since the book is about a baby fox, it should be called Kit in the Cupboard, although Cub in the Cupboard sounds better. Apparently the writer didn't agree with my reason saying it should be called a kit.
Mine is called Bob the Board
There is no special place in a synagogue called a "meeting place"
There is no special word for the steps in a synagogue. You may be thinking of the raised platform in the front or center of the chapel which is called a bima.
Siddurim.
The custom of a groom being called to the Torah in synagogue on the Sabbath before his wedding is called an aufruf.
shooting march
One of them is called a "synagogue".
Go to synagogue