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custody and interrogation
The two components needed for the Miranda warning to take effect are custodial interrogation and the individual being in police custody. Custodial interrogation refers to questioning that occurs when a person is in police custody and the freedom of movement is restricted. The Miranda warning must be given to the individual before any interrogation takes place while they are in police custody.
Miranda is only required when there is both custody and interrogation. A person must be in police custody and must be subject to interrogation for the rules regarding Miranda to apply. It is entirely possible for the police to develop probable cause and arrest a person without speaking with them first.
Unless your state has some special regulation, no. Miranda warnings are specific to custodial interrogation.
Miranda warnings are required whenever a suspect is subjected to custodial interrogation by the police. They must be read to each criminal suspect before they are interrogated in order to preserve the admissibility of their statements in court.
The act of taking someone into custody for questioning is called "arresting" or "detaining" an individual. This may occur when law enforcement officials believe the person may have information related to a specific investigation or crime.
Miranda warnings are read to suspects who are: 1. In police custody- suspects whose freedom to leave is curtailed. 2. Under interrogation- suspects who are being asked questions that could lead to self-incrimination.
Miranda Warnings (and laws) are named for the US Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, (1966) that mandated individuals in police custody must be informed of their constitutional rights before interrogation.Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote:"In the absence of other effective measures, the following procedures to safeguard the Fifth Amendment privilege must be observed: the person in custody must, prior to interrogation, be clearly informed that he has the right to remain silent, and that anything he says will be used against him in court; he must be clearly informed that he has the right to consult with a lawyer and to have the lawyer with him during interrogation, and that, if he is indigent, a lawyer will be appointed to represent him."
A primary accountAnswerMiranda rights only apply to custodial interrogation. This is a two part determination of are you in custody and are you being interrogated. Unless both elements are there, Miranda is not required. Even if they fail to give you your Miranda rights all that happens is that your statements cannot be used in court.Custody and interrogation are fact specific. You can be in custody without being arrested. You can be asked questions without it being an interrogation.For example, a traffic stop is not normally considered custodial and anything you say is admissible. If you and your buddy are arrested, placed in the back of the police car and they record your conversation, it is admissible since you were not being interrogated.
There are two elements that make the Miranda Warning mandatory.The suspect is in custody, or is not free to leave.The suspect is being subjected to incriminating questions.If one of these two elements is not present, the reading of the warning is not necessary.
Legal definition of care, custody and control?
"You do not have to say anything, but it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence."Slightly different version in the US- known as the Miranda Rights or Miranda warning- and it DOES vary slightly from state to state:"You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you. Do you understand these rights as they have been read to you?"Added: In the US, it is uncommon for officers to read Miranda immediately upon arrest. Miranda warnings protect defendants from interrogation. Therefore, Miranda is most commonly read after the arrest, before an interrogation.