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A filibuster is a delay tactic to prevent a motion (e.g., a motion on a legislative bill) from being voted on by the member of the assembly in which the motion is being considered. Fillibusters extend debate on the motion to obstruct its passage. Cloture is an action that ends debate so that the assembled body may vote on the motion. Therefore, cloture can end a filibuster so that the motion may be put to the floor for a vote. In the U.S. Senate, for example, cloture can be achieved with a 3/5 vote (i.e., 60 of 100 Senators).

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Q: What is the difference between a filibuster and closure in the senate?
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What is one difference between how debates are scheduled for discussion in the senate and the house?

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What was the longest group filibuster in history and who performed it?

The longest filibuster came in spring of 1964 when the U.S. Senate was weighing Lyndon Johnson's Civil Rights Bill. The bill had been introduced by President Kennedy a year earlier but not taken up for debate until after his death. Debate began in March of 1964. Before it was over, Southern senators had filibustered for 534 hours, 1 minute, and 51 seconds. When the Senate finally mustered enough votes to end the filibuster, an aging California senator was wheeled onto the floor and voted by winking his eye. With the filibuster ended, the Senate approved the bill on June 20 and it was signed into law on July 2, 1964.


What tactic did senators use to try block the passage of the civil rights act of1964 for more that two months?

Single senator can block legislation in the Senate via a filibuster - continuing the debate indefinitely. It requires a 3/5 majority to end a filibuster (60 votes in the current 100 senator US-Senate). When the bill came before the full Senate for debate on March 30, 1964, the "Southern Bloc" of 18 Democrat Senators invoked the filibuster to prevent a vote on it. After 54 days, a substitute bill was introduced. Eventually a cloture (vote to end debate) was passed and the substitute bill was passed by the Senate on June 19.


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