Phase 2a Clinical Trials are pilot studies done on a relatively smaller number of patients(100-300) in order to judge the efficacy and safety of the investigational drug.
Whereas Phase 2b Clinical trials are Pivotal studies, a well established controlled trails done on a larger number of patients in order to judge the efficacy and safety of the investigational drug.
Phase 2 clinical trials assess the effectiveness and safety of a treatment in a larger group of participants than in Phase 1 trials. Phase 2a trials focus on dosing, safety, and preliminary efficacy, while Phase 2b trials further evaluate the treatment's efficacy and optimal dosing in a larger population.
Phase IV trial
Trial from which data will be used to make significant claims These are the well designed Phase III trials whose data is generally used to get marketing approvals and information provided in the Package Insert or Product Information Leaflet. These are not to be confused with pilot studies or trials that ar done to only access the logistic check by enrolling few patients.
Phase IIB is specifically designed to study efficacy (how well the drug works at the prescribed dose(s)). Drug efficacy was usually studied in Phase III trials but the pressure to cut costs during the clinical trials process has increased the use of Phase IIB trials that can already give clues as to how effective the drug will be at treating a certain condition.
phase I clinical trials
After clinical animal trials at: Phase 1 - small group of healthy volunteers are tested
Clinical trial is any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related involvement to evaluate the effects on health outcomes. Clinical research trials may be conducted by government health agencies such as NIH (National Institute of Health), researchers affiliated with a hospital or university medical program, independent researchers, or private industry. Clinical trial interventions include but are not restricted to: Experimental Drugs Cells and Other Biological Products Vaccines Medical Devices Surgical and Other Medical Treatments and Procedures Psychotherapeutic and Behavioural Therapies Health Service Changes Preventive Care Strategies and Educational Interventions. Researchers may also conduct clinical trials to evaluate diagnostic or screening tests and new ways to detect and treat disease. Types of Clinical TrialsThere are two main types of clinical trials: Observational clinical trials do not test drugs or treatments. Researchers observe participants by monitoring their health over a period of time. These studies provide researchers with data that advances our understanding of Parkinsonβs and how to treat the disease. Interventional clinical trials test the safety and effectiveness of a candidate drug, therapy or experimental treatment. Clinical trials also can be classified as follows: Treatment trials Prevention trials Screening trials Quality of Life trials Genetics trials Phases in Clinical Trials: Phase 0: Number of Subjects (10-15) Phase I: Screening for safety: Number of Subjects (20-80) Phase II: preliminary efficacy of the drug: Number of Subjects (100-300) Phase III: Final confirmation of safety and efficacy: Number of Subjects (1000-3000) Phase IV: Post marketing studies.
Relation between phase difference and path difference is path difference/wavelength=phase difference/2*pi
Both are Clinical Data Management Systems (CDMS), developed by different companies. ClinTrial is a product by Phase Forward and Oracle Clinical (OC) is a product by Oracle. Though they have different features, basic functionality is the same Check http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_data_management_system for more details about CDMS Basically CDMS systems are used in case of paper & hybrid (paper and EDC) trials.
5 to 10 years
Yes, there a difference between three phase and single phase electrical supply services.
In phase one the dosage and safety of a drug is determined. In phase two they determine how effective the drug is on the targeted illness. In phase three they determine how effective the drug is compared to other drugs.
5 to 10 years