What is the difference between procedural and structured programming language in vb?

Answer 1

A procedure, or function, is a set of specific instructions executed one after the other. The data was quite separate from the procedures, and the trick in programming was to keep track of which functions called which other functions, and what data was changed. To make sense of this potentially confusing situation, structured programming was created.

The principle idea behind structured programming is as simple as the idea of divide and conquer. A computer program can be thought of as consisting of a set of tasks. Any task that is too complex to be described simply would be broken down into a set of smaller component tasks, until the tasks were sufficiently small and self-contained enough that they were easily understood,which is also called as dividing complex program into separate modules

by kk,burla

Answer 2

Procedural programming generally flows from one statement to the next, with occasional jumps and loops handled with goto statements. As the amount of code and complexity increases, the end result is code that is extremely difficult to read and maintain, known as spaghetti code. Assembly language and the resultant machine code are both examples of procedural languages.

Structured programming introduces looping structures (for, while, do..while) with orderly breaks, and procedure calls which allow code to branch and return to the caller, rather than simply jump to arbitrary code never to return. There is much less need for goto statements which ultimately makes code that much easier to read and easier to maintain.

Object-oriented programming extends structured programming by combining data and the methods that operate upon that data into a single entity, known as an object. The object fully encapsulates all the functionality required to manipulate its data and exposes a clearly defined interface, hiding the implementation from the consumer. Thus it is only necessary to know what an object does, not how it does it. The benefit is that the underlying implementations can be altered without affecting the consumers. New objects can be derived from existing objects, reducing the need to duplicate code. This ultimately reduces the overall complexity, making code that much easier to both read and maintain, allowing programmers to produce more highly complex programs with much less effort than would be required with structured programming alone.

Regardless of the language used, the end result is machine code that is still regarded as spaghetti code. However, the high-level structured language used to produce that code makes it that much easier to maintain. Modern compilers are fully-aware of all the tricks employed by assembly programmers to improve efficiency, thus programmers can concentrate on producing efficient source code rather than worrying too much about any inefficiencies in the resulting machine code.

Java is an object-oriented language, however it produces byte code which is suitable for the Java virtual machine. Since the byte code must be interpreted, it is much less efficient than the machine code produced by C++. However, the advantage is that Java is highly portable with a single compilation, whereas C++ must be compiled separately for each supported architecture.