State is the actual state you live in. Each state has a different variation of each law to fit the needs of their particular area. Some states, for example, consider the legal age of consent as 16 whereas others consider it 18 or even 21. A state court system deals with the acts that the individual state deems illegal.
Federal courts on the other hand deal with the laws that govern the entire country. For example, robbing a bank is considered a federal crime because the US Treasury and the F.D.I.C. both deal directly with the banks. Another example of federal based crimes would be any crime that takes place between more than one state. An example of this would be computer crimes over the internet such as hacking.
One perfect example of the difference between the two would be robbery. If you rob a person's house, for example, its a state crime. If you rob a bank, its a federal crime.
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One sends their convicted defendants to a state-run prison system, the other to the federal prison system.
Only federal courts are established by congress.
The US federal court system
In 1789, they passed the judiciary act.
Only federal Courts must have judges approved by the Senate - apex
The act that created a court system and divided authority between the state and federal courts is called the Judiciary Act of 1789.
In the US federal court system, you may be referring to the US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts, which are sometimes called intermediate appellate courts because they are between the US District Court (trial court) and the Supreme Court of the United States (final appellate court).
federal court system.
federal district court, federal court of appeals court,and the U.S. supreme court.
because federalism divides the powers of government, conflicts frequently arise between national and state governments. by settling such disputes, the federal court system,particulary the supreme court, plays a key role as an umpire for our federal system.
The Federal Judiciary Act