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The Roman paterfamilias had the authority and final word on family matters. Not that he coulden't be persuaded to change his mind about, say, a marriage or a major purchase, or a bigger allowance for his offspring. His family could usually get around his objections; but technically he was responsible for all decisions.

The modern father, on the other hand, shares his authority with his wife. Our society also relieves the father of responsibility for the actions of his adult children. The modern father shares many of the child caring tasks that were traditionally women's roles. A Roman paterfamilias, although he loved his children and grandchildren, would never take on the role of caregiver.

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Q: What is the difference of a role of a modern father with a roman 'Paterfamilias'?
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