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EGR stands for Exhaust Gas Recirculation. The EGR valve feeds exhaust gas back into the engine to cool the air fuel mixture and reduce NOx emissions. NOx is formed at high combustion temperatures and is responsible for smog.

However, engines don't run well when they're fed exhaust gas instead of air and fuel. So car makers only feed exhaust when the engine is running at higher RPMs. At low RPMs (idle), EGR can cause a rough idle or even cause the engine to die. An EGR valve that doesn't close all the way will leak exhaust into the intake manifold all the time and cause all kinds of problems.

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Q: What is the egr system and what does it do?
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