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How molecular motion changes as a substance changes from one state to another?
As a substance changes from a solid to a liquid, the molecular motion increases as the intermolecular bonds break and the molecules can move past each other more freely. When a substance transitions from a liquid to a gas, the molecular motion increases further as the molecules have enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces entirely and move independently.
Which state of matter has the least molecular motion?
The solid state has the least molecular motion.
How does the molecular motion of a substance change as it transitions from liquid to gas?
As a substance transitions from liquid to gas, the molecular motion increases. In the liquid state, molecules move more freely but are still close together. When the substance becomes a gas, the molecules move even more rapidly and are much farther apart.
What is the definition of a Convection cell?
The transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion.
How does adding heat affect molecular motion?
Adding heat increases the kinetic energy of molecules, causing them to move faster and more randomly. This increased molecular motion can lead to changes in the physical state of matter, such as melting a solid into a liquid or vaporizing a liquid into a gas.
What change in state involves a decrease in molecular motion?
The change from a gas to a liquid involves a decrease in molecular motion. In this phase transition, the particles come closer together, reducing their kinetic energy and resulting in a more ordered arrangement.
Does molecular motion decrease when water is boiling?
No, molecular motion actually increases when water is boiling. When water reaches its boiling point, the molecules absorb enough heat energy to break free from the liquid phase and transition into the gaseous phase, leading to increased molecular motion.
Which arrangement shows an increasing raneg of molecular motion?
The increasing range of molecular motion typically occurs in the following order: solid < liquid < gas. In a solid, molecules have the least amount of motion as they are tightly packed and don't move much. In a liquid, molecules have more freedom to move around but are still relatively close together. In a gas, molecules have the highest range of motion as they are far apart and move freely.
What is the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion?
Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion. As the fluid is heated, its molecules move faster and spread apart, becoming less dense. This creates convection currents that transport heat throughout the fluid.
What are two examples of changes in state that will generate an increase in molecular motion?
Melting ice to form liquid water or boiling liquid water to produce steam are two examples of changes in state that lead to an increase in molecular motion. In both cases, the added energy causes the molecules to move more rapidly and with greater freedom.
Which change in state involves a decrease in molecular motion?
The change from a gas to a liquid involves a decrease in molecular motion. In this phase transition, particles lose energy and come closer together, resulting in a decrease in their overall movement and a more ordered arrangement.
What state of change is an increase of molecular motion?
An increase in molecular motion typically indicates a transition to a higher energy state, often associated with the process of heating a substance. This can lead to a state change, such as solid to liquid (melting) or liquid to gas (evaporation). In both cases, the increased kinetic energy allows molecules to overcome intermolecular forces and move more freely. Thus, the state of change is often from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas.
