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On March 12, 1951, Supreme Court in the case of Kameshwar Singh v. State of Bihar held that the abolition of zamindari to be void and struck down the Bihar Land Reforms Act, 1950 on the ground that it was unconstitutional to differentiate between the rich and the poor in determining the compensation for the acquired property.
The cases have been of difference in the compensation that the State provided when the property was acquired and in many cases, the Supreme Court verdict was against the State on the ground that arbitrary compensation was given by the State. This irked the Central Government and it passed the Constitution (First Amendment) Act on June 18, 1951 and inserted two Articles, 31A and 31B and Ninth Schedule was appended to Article 31B. The main reason of the insertion of these Articles was to protect or insulate the Acts against judiciary. The Acts that were inserted in the Ninth Schedule were given Constitutional Protection against challenge in Courts. The first Act inserted into the Ninth Schedule is the Bihar Land Reforms Act, 1950. The Acts in this schedule had retrospective protection from January 26, 1950.
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