What is the formula of Absorption cost?

Answer 1

There is no formula as such. It involves 3 principle stages. Firstly the overheads (the indirect costs) are allocated or apportioned to all production departments (or profit centres) and to all service departments using logical bases for doing so. The overheads allocated or apportioned to the service departments are then re-apportioned to the production departments (or profit centres). The total cost of the overheads should now all be in the production departments or profit centres.

These totals are then divided by a factor such as the budgeted direct labour hours or machine hours to obtain an overhead absorption rate of £x per direct labour hour of machine hour as appropriate. Overheads can then be charged to each unit produced depending upon the number of labour hours or machine hours used to make the product. The process is normally all based on budgeted overhead costs and budgeted production levels. There are plenty of examples and more detailed explanation on the internet.