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Information stored in RAM can be accessed far faster than information stored in ROM. Thus, a computer might store its boot-up instructions in ROM, but store program files in RAM after initial boot-up.
ROM
You might be talking about the BIOS, the Basic Input Output System stored on a ROM chip on the Computer Mainboard. It is the initial boot code run by the pc.
When a computer is switched on, it begins by executing instructions stored permanently in ROM. These startup instructions do some self-testing, configuring, and device initialization, and is called the BIOS. The BIOS will load into memory the next set of startup instructions, called the boot loader, which is found in the startup device stored in its configuration. The boot loader in turn loads up and executes the boot instructions of some application, usually an operating system, which performs its own startup and refreshing tasks. These tasks are under the control of, and follow the rules of, that operating system. In summary, whatever is required to refresh a computer after turning it on is determined by its operating system.
ROM
No. First, the ROM BIOS is a type of memory. If the machine has no instructions to allow it to boot, it cannot do so. But often, the ROM needs to unpack its instructions somewhere else, and if there is no space for it to do that, it won't boot. Plus the POST tests will detect no memory, assume an error, and fail. Now, it would be possible to build a computer where everything is in ROM, but again, ROM is a type of memory.
Most of the programs and info the CPU and computer uses to Boot are mostly from the Hard Drive. The Hard Drive is mostly where all of the instructions come from.
Usually none. Long ago BIOS(which isn't really part of an OS...) was stored on ROM. These days you've usually got your OS installed on Hard Drive or a SSD drive.
True
ROM (read only memory)
A CD-ROM drive is not needed to boot the computer. Just put the hard drive first in the boot order in the BIOS.
ROM (read-only memory) chips are installed on a computer's motherboard. The model of the board usually determines the type of ROM needed to control a computer's boot routine. ROM is often called "nonvolatile memory," meaning that an electrical current is not needed to maintain the prerecorded data instructions on the chip. The instructions cannot be overwritten, and only special equipment can be used to rewrite or erase the data