The speed of Earth is related to the position of its orbit around the Sun. At a higher speed, Earth would need to be closer to the Sun; at a lower speed, it would need to be farther from the Sun. In its current orbit, Earth moves around the Sun at a speed of about 30 km/second. Earth can't get much closer to the Sun (and therefore move faster) than that; for instance, Venus moves around the Sun at a mean speed of about 35 km/second, and it seems that Venus is too close to the Sun for life.
Maximum velocity is the fastest an intem can go, while optimum velocity is the "best" speed it can travel on. For a car optimum velocity could mean either where you get the best MPG, or where you can go round corners/over bumps without the car starting swaying, or something like that.
Without air, the speed of a falling object keeps increasing, and never reaches a maximum. The only thing that causes it to reach a maximum and stop increasing is air resistance. The effects of air resistance depend on the size, shape, and composition of the object, and the calculation of the "terminal velocity" in advance is very complex.
Starting from rest, the final velocity in a fall of 10 meters is 14 meters per second. Without air resistance, the mass or weight of the falling object makes absolutely no difference.
Without distance, you have to know time, initial velocity, and acceleration, in order to find final velocity.
Yes, but it will have a non-zero velocity afterwards.
"Speed" is the name we give to the magnitude of velocity ... the 'size' of the velocity, without its direction.
Velocity is a derived quantity. Speed is velocity without direction. Velocity is derived from distance and time.
Yes, a body can have aceleration without velocity. Consider sin x the position; cos x is the velocity and -sin x is the acceleration. Here the acceleration negative when x=90 degrees and the velocity is zero at 90 degrees.
Velocity sufficient for a body to escape from a gravitational attraction without acceleration. Earth has an escape velocity of 11.19 kmsec-1 .
Without air friction, the horizontal component of the velocity will be constant. The vertical component of the velocity will be a maximum at the lowest point in its motion and at a minimum at the highest point in its motion. Therefore the minimum is at the highest point in its motion- Potential energy max Kinetic Energy min and the maximum is at its lowest point in the motion- KE is max PE min
Without air resistance, there would be no such thing as terminal velocity.
Wherever you see a change in velocity, you know that unbalanced forces had to be involved somehow. Without those, velocity can't change.