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What is the meaning of the suffix 'str' as in trickster or spinster?
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
See Lloyd/Springer's Althochdeutsches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Lehmann's A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, Feist's Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache, and and Casaretto's Nominale Wortbildung der gotischen Spracheand others. You need access to a good library/interlibrary loan system, but there are online articles on JSTOR (among others) which may answer your question. My suggestion is that it is simply a productive native Germanic suffix which may have functioned at one time similarly to what became -er (from Proto-Germanic *-arjaz; cf. Old English -ere and so forth).
There have been recent articles written by Garry Davis, one particularly difficult to track down, another which is more readily available (1992, in "American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures", volume 4). Everyone has their own opinion, however, and it varies quite greatly depending on the scholar and which speciality they have. Mine is Germanic, so I reject the supposed Latin borrowings suggested, not without good reasoning, by Davis and others.
Some think that -ster originates in a -str suffix, with a secondary formation with an inserted vowel *-istrija/*-astrija/*-ustrija, the final *-a from *-on. I think it's all mysteriously overanalyzed, and others have suggested a connection with "stall" and its Indo-European root. One person, very brilliant named Fay (early 20th century), suggested a connection with "straw."
There are cognates with the suffix in Gothic (awistr, gilstr, hulistr, nawistr), Old English has quite a few (eowestre, loppestre, heolostr), Old High German ewist/awist/ouist, and Old Norse has blomstr, bolstr, and naust "boat shed."
It is generally assumed, though I am skeptical, that the suffix re-entered Middle English from Middle Dutch, and again became productive. Some have even said that it survived in a doubling of a French suffix, in words like "songstress, seamstress, waitress, etc." (-tress). I don't buy it, but it's anyone's guess.
There's quite a bit more to it and the literature is surprisingly vast, but just off the top of my head while working on an etymology paper on the suffix for my Gothic course, I've encountered this material and data thus far. Soon my paper will be refined, maybe presented at a conference to deaf ears, and possibly published, all to fall into the oblivion of scholarship on a subject which is dying in interest and somewhat culturally irrelevant. Which is why I study Old Icelandic predominantly, because people still like Vikings.
In gawaÃrþja,
Paul Peterson
graduate student, U of MN
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
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