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What is the mechanism that allow the homologous chromosomes to pair up in meiosis?
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Relate Mendel's two laws of inheritance to the behavior of chromosomes in meiosis?
chromosomes in the breasts allow for independant traits to take over the developement of the scrotum
What is the 'FATE' or biological difference between Mitosis cell divisions and Meiosis divisions?
mitosis creates cells with the full amount of chromosomes (diploid cells, is what theyre called), so the chromosomes of both the father and the mother of the child (if you talk about organisms that reproduce sexually)meiosis however, creates cells with half the amount of chromosomes (haploid cells), meaning that theres only one copy of every chromosome in the cell. In these cells, the copys of the father and mother are mixed, and only the two cells combined have all the chromosomes the first cell had. Meiosis forms cells that allow organisms to reproduce.
How would crossover affect the rate of evolution?
In humans, independent assortment occurs during meiosis, when the 23 pairs of chromosomes divide into 46 individual chromosomes, and 1 chromosome from each of the 23 pairs goes on to form a gamete (haploid cell) which can then be fertilised to produce offspring. The assortment is "independent" because each of the 23 chromosomes that go on to form a gamete can be from either chromosome within a "pair" - ie the 23 pairs of chromosomes are not linked together in any way when it comes to meiosis. This means that a large number of combinations of genetic material is possible - introducing a random result in the gamete.
How many x and y chromosomes do Normal sperm cells?
The usual for a single sperm is none or one. Occasionally a defect will allow two.
What does the Clean Development Mechanism allow?
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), allows for emissions reduction projects. These projects contribute to the ultimate objective of preventing dangerous climate change.
True or False Explain A chromosome in a primary human oocyte may synapse with any other chromosome in the same cell?
Synapse occurs specifically between homologous pairs. Homologous chromosomes are non-identical chromosomes that can pair (synapse) during meiosis. Except for the sex chromosomes, homologous chromosomes share significant sequence similarity across their entire length, typically contain the same sequence of genes, and pair up to allow for proper disjunction during meiosis
Describe the two stages in meiosis?
there are actually four stages or phases in meiosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Within prophase there is the leptotene stage where individual chromosomes condense into strands within the nucleus, the zygotene stage where the chromosomes line up with each other into homologous chromosomes, the pachytene stage where the nonsister chromatids exchange genetic information over regions of homology, the diplotene stage where the chromosomes start to separate and uncoil a little to allow some transcription of DNA, and the diakinesis stage where the chromosomes condense further and the meiotic spindle begins to form.
Relate Mendel's two laws of inheritance to the behavior of chromosomes in meiosis?
chromosomes in the breasts allow for independant traits to take over the developement of the scrotum
What is function of meiosis?
meiosis is a type of cell division wherein there are four sister chromosomes that will be formed. Just like mitosis,,the function of this cell division is to replace old cells in the body to sustain and for the life of the specie of a certain life form to survive.
What is the function of the chromatin in a plant?
Chromatin is the complex combination of DNA and protein that makes up chromosomes. The functions of chromatin are to package DNA into a small volume to fit in the cell, to strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and meiosis, and to serve as a mechanism to control DNA expression and replication. Chromatin contains genetic material - instructions to direct cell functions.
What is the 'FATE' or biological difference between Mitosis cell divisions and Meiosis divisions?
mitosis creates cells with the full amount of chromosomes (diploid cells, is what theyre called), so the chromosomes of both the father and the mother of the child (if you talk about organisms that reproduce sexually)meiosis however, creates cells with half the amount of chromosomes (haploid cells), meaning that theres only one copy of every chromosome in the cell. In these cells, the copys of the father and mother are mixed, and only the two cells combined have all the chromosomes the first cell had. Meiosis forms cells that allow organisms to reproduce.
What do spindle fibers do during mitosis and meiosis?
During mitosis and meiosis the spindle fibers allow the chromosomes to line up along the equator of the cell. The chromosomes slide to either pole during cell division.
Why are eggs and sperms produced by meiosis?
Meiosis facilitates stable sexual reproduction. Without the halving of ploidy, or chromosome count, fertilization would result in zygotes that have twice the number of chromosomes as the zygotes from the previous generation. Successive generations would have an exponential increase in chromosome count. In organisms that are normally diploid, polyploidy, the state of having three or more sets of chromosomes, results in extreme developmental abnormalities or lethality. Polyploidy is poorly tolerated in most animal species. Plants, however, regularly produce fertile, viable polyploids. Polyploidy has been implicated as an important mechanism in plant speciation. Most importantly, recombination and independent assortment of homologous chromosomes allow for a greater diversity of genotypes in the population. This produces genetic variation in gametes that promote genetic and phenotypic variation in a population of offspring.
What are the similarities and differences between mitosis and meiosis with respect to function location in the organism and the chromosome number haploid or diploid of the daughter cells produced?
Mitosis produces two Diploid Cells while Meiosis produces four haploid cells. The purpose of Mitosis produces new body cells and does not allow for genetic variation, while meiosis allows genetic variation through multiple processes. Meiosis produces sex cells (sperm) , which are key in reproduction of multi-cellular organisms. Each new cell contains half of the number of chromosomes. Meiosis has 2 cellular divisions, while mitosis only has one. They are both necessary to support life, and they both produce Diploid cells in the first division. Also, from a similar topic in Yahoo Answers (Which has a much better explanation) : Mitosis is a type of cell division to produce 2 X genetically identical diploid (2n) cells for growth and repair. Mitosis occcurs in somatic cells (normal body cells. Prior to mitotic division DNA is replicated to produce two identical chromatids attached by a centromere. This is essential so that each new daughter cell formed receives one copy of each chromosome. (One division) Meiosis only occurs in the sex organs to produce 4 X haploid (n), genetically different, gametes for sexual reproduction. Meiosis consists of two divisions: Meiosis I halves the number of chromosomes to give 2 X haploid cells. Meiosis II doubles the number of cells to give 4 X haploid gametes. Two processes during meiosis I increase variation . In prophase I homomolgous chromosomes cross over at points called chiasmata and exchange genetic material. In metaphase I the chromosomes line up along the equator in pairs. This is called random assortment where maternal and paternal chromosomes are arranged at random. Both of these increase variation to produce four genetically different gametes at the end of meiosis II DNA replication only occurs once, before Meoisis I.
How would crossover affect the rate of evolution?
In humans, independent assortment occurs during meiosis, when the 23 pairs of chromosomes divide into 46 individual chromosomes, and 1 chromosome from each of the 23 pairs goes on to form a gamete (haploid cell) which can then be fertilised to produce offspring. The assortment is "independent" because each of the 23 chromosomes that go on to form a gamete can be from either chromosome within a "pair" - ie the 23 pairs of chromosomes are not linked together in any way when it comes to meiosis. This means that a large number of combinations of genetic material is possible - introducing a random result in the gamete.
What features of meiosis allow for independent assortment of chromosomes?
Crossing-over, which occurs during the prophase stage of meiosis.Open in Google Docs ViewerOpen link in new tabOpen link in new windowOpen link in new incognito windowDownload fileCopy link addressEdit PDF File on PDFescape.com
How durable is the quick release mechanism?
The quick release mechanism is durable,and designed to allow easy access for maintenance.
