Stairs is a good example (u cant stand halfway between a stair, therefore a quantized or fixed amount of energy is used on each step)
It isn't so much a matter of there being a given "quantum of energy" as much as energy is quantized. This means that particles that behave quantum mechanical laws can only have certain values of energy and not the values in between. The most popular example of this is an electron in an atom. Quantum theory tells us that the electron can be in it's ground state energy, which has a given value, or it's first excited state, which has another given value, or any higher excited state. However, you cannot observe an electron with an energy value in between the ground state and first excited state, or between any two consecutive excited states. This is what it means to have quantized energy: only certain discrete values are allowed.
The size and shape of an electron cloud are most closely related to the electron's energy level and angular momentum, which determine the orbitals in which the electrons are most likely to be found. The electron cloud represents the region where there is a high probability of finding the electron at any given time.
in the third shell, an electron has more energy and is further from the nucleus
The Valence electron
Electrons in the outermost electron shell have the most energy in an atom. The energy of an electron increases as it moves further away from the nucleus. Electrons in the innermost shell have the least energy, while electrons in the nucleus have the highest energy due to their proximity to the protons.
The energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom is the atom's ionization energy. It represents the amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely bound electron from an atom in its gaseous state.
The electrons on the outtermost energy level of an atom is called a valence electron.
Size and shape of an electron cloud are most closely related to the electron's energy level and angular momentum. Electrons with higher energy levels tend to have larger electron clouds, while the shape is determined by the angular momentum quantum number.
Most electron affinities are negative because when an electron is added to an atom, energy is released. This released energy causes the system to become more stable, resulting in a negative change in energy. The negative sign indicates that energy is released during the process.
Electrons can occupy specific energy levels around an atomic nucleus, often referred to as electron shells or orbitals. These energy levels are quantized, meaning electrons can occupy only discrete distances from the nucleus. The most common orbits include the s, p, d, and f orbitals, which can each hold a specific number of electrons.
The electron transport chain provides the most energy.