They move in a straight line until they hit something and bounce off. Molecules in a gas show random rectilinear motion. This is called Brownian motion
Unless the particles collide
In an ideal gas, particles are assumed to be point masses with no volume and no intermolecular forces acting between them. Therefore, the motion of one particle is independent of the motion of the other particles because they do not interact with each other. Each particle moves freely and randomly in all directions without influencing the motion of other particles.
Gas particles move independently because they have high kinetic energy that allows them to move freely and collide with one another. The movement of one gas particle is not influenced by neighboring particles because gases are in constant random motion due to collisions with other particles and the walls of their container. This randomness leads to a lack of long-range order in the motion of gas particles.
The phases of matter in order from least particle motion to greatest particle motion are: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. In a solid, particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place. In a liquid, the particles are more free to move around but still relatively close together. In a gas, particles move freely and rapidly, while in a plasma, particles are highly energized and move even more rapidly.
Particle motion refers to the movement of individual particles in a substance or medium, such as the movement of atoms or molecules in a gas or liquid. It can also refer to the motion of subatomic particles in nuclear reactions or the movement of particles in response to external forces like electromagnetic fields.
Brownian motion
Yes, as motion in any particle is equivalent to heat
That would be Brownian motion. That refers to small particles (for example, dust particles) suspended in a liquid or gas exhibiting random behavior - this is caused by liquid or gas molecules bumping into the dust particle.
Particle motion increases as energy (like heat) is added. The motion slows as energy leaves. Temperature is a measure of this change in particle motion.
The energy possessed by a particle due to its motion is called kinetic energy. It depends on the mass of the particle and its velocity.
Particle motion and thermal heat energy should both be increasing
The measure of energy of motion of a particle of matter is called kinetic energy. It is calculated using the formula KE = 0.5 * mass * velocity^2, where mass is the mass of the particle and velocity is its speed.