A cog is a wheel with projecting teeth. These can turn either another cog or a chain.
A wheel that has teeth that fit into the teeth of another wheel is called a gear.
A name for a projecting knob could be a "pull handle" or a "drawer pull."
The teeth are usually provided on the pinion of the spur wheel, to drive the spur wheel.
The teeth are usually provided on the pinion of the spur wheel, to drive the spur wheel.
That is a 'cog' wheel.
Outrigger
the thing (wheel) on which you wind the film befor transport, storage of projecting (Skillworks: Reel
Such a wheel might be called a gear or a cog.
trap
the incus
Yes, or a chain, or a cable. And the "wheel" may have teeth - a sprocket wheel.
The more teeth you have on the chainring(by the pedals) when compared to the sprocket(on the rear wheel, the more the rear wheel will turn for each turn of the cranks.