Cows are kept in barns, corrals or pens with sheds for them to go to if the weather turns bad, as well as pasture and rangeland for those who can have access to them from spring to early winter.
The place is called "port" where ships are kept? woodenboatusa.com
Cattle and horses are kept in a corral, not a cage.
what is the place where food is kept
Horses are kept in a stable.
The place where the host is kept in church is called the Tabernacle. It is a locked box or cabinet where consecrated hosts (the Eucharist) are stored for adoration, communion, and to be taken to the sick.
Males are called bulls, and females are called cows.
They are called cows, and the males are called bulls.
Just cows, or whatever name they've been called: steers, heifers, bulls, cows, etc.
columbarium
nest
An apiary.
Hangar