The main protein in flour is gluten. This forms when moisture is added to flour. High grade/strength flours have a higher level of gluten content and are therefore better for bread making.
Gluten flour is also available and can be added to strengthen ordinary flours. A usual quantity is one teaspoon per cup of flour.
Bread flour has more gluten than cake flour. Gluten is the protein in flour that produces elastic, stretchy dough and chewy breads.
Bread and bread dough are stretchy because they are made with flour containing gluten, a protein molecule that forms networks in bread dough. Gluten is "worked up" in bread dough through the kneading process.
An elastic soluble protein is a protein that can stretch or deform and dissolve in water. These proteins typically have high elasticity and solubility properties, making them useful in various biological functions such as muscle contraction or cell structure. Examples include elastin, collagen, and keratin.
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Kneeding bread is the process of folding a corner of bread dough into itself, turning a quarter turn, then folding again. The point is to stretch the gluten and to create a smooth surface. http://www.free-bread-recipes.com
Gluten is the protein in wheat, and to a lesser extent rye, which gives dough the property that holds gas when it rises. This sticky elastic substance is essential for making satisfactory leavened bread.
Difficult question, you need to kneed it until it is smooth, springy, elastic and stretchy. This will normally take a minimum of 10-15 mins by hand depending on how much effort you put in. There is also a school of thought that says that you do not need to kneed it at all if you let it rise slowly over 24 hours.
Kneading bread dough helps form a more sticky and elastic dough. As dough is being kneaded, some of the sulfur molecules on proteins will oxidize and attach to other sulfur molecules on other proteins. This makes the proteins all start to stick to each other. This elastic network of proteins allows for trapping of gas bubbles inside the dough, making the fluffy bread we eat.
When you are thirsty you need to drink some water. When you are making bread, you kneed the bread dough to make it elastic and smooth.
Knead bread dough for about 10-15 minutes until it becomes smooth, elastic, and no longer sticky to achieve the perfect texture and consistency.
Many different bakeries and bread companies have used the term "protein bread" as either a product name, a label, or a description of some sort of bread with supposedly high levels of protein. Anyone might claim that a certain bread has protein by adding a bit of dry milk powder or an egg to the dough, since such ingredients contain protein. But that does not guarantee that the resulting bread is a significant source of usable protein.
Your bread dough may be too sticky due to using too much water or not enough flour. To adjust it to the right consistency, you can gradually add more flour while kneading until the dough becomes smooth and elastic.