The average healthy individual is stimulated to breath by the carbonic drive, or increased levels of carbon dioxide. When our paco2 levels increase our internal ph levels decrease causing us to become acidotic. Therefore, we breathe more in an attempt to blow of the excess paco2 subsequently increasing our ph and regaining homeostasis.
Hypoxic drive.
The difference between normal and average respiratory rate is simple. Normal is healthy and cannot change and average most certainly can change.
Tachypnea. (and below normal is bradypnea).
The normal respiratory rate for a twelve-year-old is between 18-30 breaths per minute.
there is no gas exchange.
the normal respiratory rate for a 14month old child is 20-32 breaths per min.
Primarily it is the cabon dioxide levels that trigger respiratory drive, however in some disease states such as COPD increased oxygen levels can decrease respiratory drive.
Hypoxic Drive
12 to 15 per minute.
10-20/min.
30
hypoventilation