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The roman number III indicates that the ion of cobalt present in this form of cobalt in the cobalt oxide is Co3+. Since cobalt also exists as a Co2+ form, these must be distinguished in some way. The standard is to use roman numerals to denote the charge. Both Cobalt (III) oxide and Cobalt (II) oxide still have the chemical formula of Co3O4.
An example is the ferric ion: Fe(III) or Fe3+.
Cobalt(II) carbonate
0 in elemental form +3 in most of its stable compounds
The oxidation number is a measure of the charge an atom would have if all its bonds were 100% ionic. It can be positive, negative or zero.
Iron(iii) ion = +3
Cobaltous ion has a +2 oxidation state. Cobaltic ion has a +3 oxidation state Cobaltous chloride: CoCl2 Cobaltic chloride: CoCl3
The roman number III indicates that the ion of cobalt present in this form of cobalt in the cobalt oxide is Co3+. Since cobalt also exists as a Co2+ form, these must be distinguished in some way. The standard is to use roman numerals to denote the charge. Both Cobalt (III) oxide and Cobalt (II) oxide still have the chemical formula of Co3O4.
An example is the ferric ion: Fe(III) or Fe3+.
Cobalt(II) carbonate
'Oxidation number' and oxidation state are often used interchangeably. Oxidation state is a formal way of determining the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge. In non ionic compounds the most electronegative element is assumed to "own" the electrons. So in say InP which is a semiconductor and not ionic, the oxidation state of indium is +III and P is -III. Oxidation number is a convention used in complexes. Ligands are removed from the ion with all bonding electrons. Often the oxidation number and oxidation state have the same values but calculating the the oxidation number of N in ammonia, H is removed as hydride ion, H- you get the strange looking result of nitrogen with an oxidation number of +3. In contrast the oxidation states of N and H would be calculated as -III and +1
'Oxidation number' and oxidation state are often used interchangeably. Oxidation state is a formal way of determining the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge. In non ionic compounds the most electronegative element is assumed to "own" the electrons. So in say InP which is a semiconductor and not ionic, the oxidation state of indium is +III and P is -III. Oxidation number is a convention used in complexes. Ligands are removed from the ion with all bonding electrons. Often the oxidation number and oxidation state have the same values but calculating the the oxidation number of N in ammonia, H is removed as hydride ion, H- you get the strange looking result of nitrogen with an oxidation number of +3. In contrast the oxidation states of N and H would be calculated as -III and +1
0 in elemental form +3 in most of its stable compounds
The chemical formula of the compound formed between cobalt (III) and the bromide ion it would be CoBr3, if this compound exist !
The oxidation number is a measure of the charge an atom would have if all its bonds were 100% ionic. It can be positive, negative or zero.
This is the thiosulfate ion. Sulfur shows +6 oxidation number.
In the hydronium ion (H3O+), the oxidation number of carbon is +3.