In medieval China, religion had almost nothing to do with science and technology, though astronomy was developed partly to determine auspicious dates. For the rest, science was natural curiosity, or for health, commerce or warfare.
In medieval India science seems mostly to have been driven by health and commerce such asl navigation, accounting, or Metallurgy.
In medieval Islam, science was probably the most advanced in the world at the time, influenced by sections of the Q'uran and Hadith encouraging study and understanding of the natural world, plus the cultural stimulus of access to Greek, Roman, and Indian source materials for medicine, mathematics, physics, architecture, and so on.
In medieval Europe science grew partly as a side effect of the universities which were started by the church and by leaders such as Charlemagne where theology was the primary study, but medicine and mathematics and other science was eventually introduced. This was stimulated by the influx of scientific ideas from Islam as the two civilizations were in contact primarily in rich and educated areas like Spain and the Levant, in between fighting.
In the Americas, the science of the Incas and the Mayans which we know a little about seems to have been mostly astronomy, calendars, arithmetic, and medicines, much of which was associated with religion.
Science, art, religion, philosophy, and technology are interconnected disciplines that may inform and draw from each other. Science relies on empirical evidence and the scientific method to understand the natural world, while art and philosophy explore human experiences and emotions. Religion offers moral and spiritual guidance, often intersecting with philosophy. Technology uses scientific knowledge to create tools for practical applications in society.
Confucism is not a religion, it is a philosophy. They have no god or place of a worship, also they have no holy day. Confucism is not a religion, it is a philosophy. They have no god or place of a worship, also they have no holy day.
Pantheism
Pantheism
Confucianism refers to the ethical and philosophical teachings of Confucius.. It fills the place of religion in peoples lives though it is not strictly a religion, rather a philosophy.
A. Seth Pringle-Pattison has written: 'The Spirit' 'The development from Kant to Hegel, with chapters on the philosophy of religion' -- subject(s): German Philosophy, Philosophy, Religion 'Scottish philosophy' -- subject(s): Scottish Philosophy, Scotch Philosophy 'The philosophy of history' -- subject(s): History, Philosophy 'Man's Place In The Cosmos And Other Essays' 'Essays in philosophical criticism' -- subject(s): Philosophy 'The development from Kant to Hegel' -- subject(s): German Philosophy, Philosophy, Religion 'The Balfour lectures on realism' -- subject(s): Realism, Theory of Knowledge 'Man's place in the cosmos' -- subject(s): Accessible book, English Philosophy, Philosophy, Psychology, Theism, Cosmology 'Positivism, Agnosticism, Idealism and Mentalism' 'Two lectures on theism' -- subject(s): God, Theism 'The present position of the philosophical sciences' -- subject(s): Philosophy
In the Scopes Trial!
James A. Weisheipl has written: 'The commentary of St. Thomas on the De caelo of Aristotle' 'Aristotelian methodology' 'The meaning of sacra doctrina in Summa theologiae I, q.1' 'Presidential address: Philosophy and the two cultures' -- subject(s): Philosophy, Education 'Science in the thirteenth century' -- subject(s): History, Medieval Science, Science, Science, Medieval 'Galileo and intellectual integrity' '[Review of] Henry Chadwick ; Boethius, the consolations of music, logic, theology and philosophy' -- subject(s): Ancient Philosophy, Philosophy, Ancient 'Thomism as a perennial philosophy' -- subject(s): Thomists 'Albertus Magnus and the Oxford Platonists' 'The Johannine commentary of Friar Thomas' 'Early fourteenth century physics of the Merton 'school'' -- subject(s): History, Merton College, Physics 'Aristotle's concept of nature: Avicenna and Aquinas' 'Albert's disclaimers in the Aristotelian paraphrases' 'The place of John Dumbleton in the Merton School' -- subject(s): History, Merton College 'Repertorium mertonense' -- subject(s): Bio-bibliography, Merton College 'The specter of motor coniunctus in medieval physics' -- subject(s): Motion 'The development of physical theory in the Middle Ages' -- subject(s): Physics, History
The main civilizing forces are the subjects of morals, ethics, and philosophy. Literature and music also have their place, as does an appreciation of beauty.
Speculative functions of philosophy entail exploring abstract concepts and theories to determine underlying truths about the nature of reality, knowledge, and existence. This involves challenging assumptions, posing new questions, and engaging in profound intellectual inquiry beyond empirical observations. Philosophy aims to push the boundaries of understanding and encourage critical thinking about fundamental aspects of human experience.
Major changes in philosophy and science took place in the seventeenth century. Whereas previously, religion was expounded as the answer to every thoughtful question, people began to realise that philosophy and science could provide more credible answers. For the first time in centuries, people began to think of the universe as fundamentally rational, able to be understood through the use of reason alone. They realised that truth can be arrived at through empirical observation, the use of reason and systematic doubt. The outcome was the realisation that religious doctrines have no place in the understanding of the physical and human worlds. If religion could not provide the answers, and if religion was not the source of all truth, or perhaps even of any truth, then faith was no longer necessary and religious certainty declined.
During the Gupta Empire period in India (320-550CE) innovations took place in engineering, art, literature, mathematics, astronomy, philosophy and religion