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The process is called "cracking" .
Process is called cracking.
Petroluem does not consist of a single substance but is a mixture of many substances - mostly several different hydrocarbons. These are separated by a process called fractional distillation. These different components are called fractions.
This process is called meiosis.
Cracking
double bonded hydrocarbons are called "alkenes" and triple bonded hydrocarbons are called "alkynes"
Long-chain alkanes can be broken into smaller hydrocarbons in a process called cracking, which may be thermal or catalytic.
Hydrocarbons containing chlorine atoms are called chlorinated hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons containing fluorine atoms are called fluorinated hydrocarbons. eg> CHCl3, CHF3 etc
Isomers
Also a mixture, not a special name.
This process is called sedimentation.
This is usually called cracking; It produces unsaturated hydrocarbons as well as smaller alkanes.