(2S,3S)-2,3-Pentanediol and (2R,3R)-2,3-Pentanediol
The most convenient ways often involve complexing the pyridine with other molecules. this will change the chemical proporties of both, easing extraction. One method is co-evaporating the pyridine off with toluene. Adding Toluene in a 1:1 ratio will form a complex with a lower boiling point, taking both the pyridine and toluene out of the mixture. Another method is complexing the pyridine with CuSO4. This is done by washing the reaction mixture with a saturated aqueous CuSO4 solution and then separating the layers. The pyridine will remain in the aqueous layer with the CuSO4. Keep in mind that these, and most other similar processes (like acid washes) will only remove free pyridine, and that some pyridine may be left behind in complexes with your product (salts).
This is neutralization which will produce salt and water
The crude product is contaminated with water, unreacted alcohol
Here is the equation:Cl2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) ----> 2 KCl(aq) + I2(aq)
The crude product is contaminated with water, unreacted alcohol
The most convenient ways often involve complexing the pyridine with other molecules. this will change the chemical proporties of both, easing extraction. One method is co-evaporating the pyridine off with toluene. Adding Toluene in a 1:1 ratio will form a complex with a lower boiling point, taking both the pyridine and toluene out of the mixture. Another method is complexing the pyridine with CuSO4. This is done by washing the reaction mixture with a saturated aqueous CuSO4 solution and then separating the layers. The pyridine will remain in the aqueous layer with the CuSO4. Keep in mind that these, and most other similar processes (like acid washes) will only remove free pyridine, and that some pyridine may be left behind in complexes with your product (salts).
Certain denatured alcohols might contain pyridine; it's used to make the ethanol undrinkable (pyridine has an unpleasant fishy odor and taste).
A precipitation reaction contains two aqueous reactants, one aqueous product, and one solid product. A precipitation reaction will produce an insoluble product.
This is neutralization which will produce salt and water
The crude product is contaminated with water, unreacted alcohol
Here is the equation:Cl2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) ----> 2 KCl(aq) + I2(aq)
If a product is dissolved in water it is known to be aqueous.
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salt and water
The crude product is contaminated with water, unreacted alcohol
When a substance is aqueous, it means that it is dissolved in water. In aqueous reactions, the reaction is always a double replacement reaction, meaning one ion of a compound will switch with an ion from the other compound. A precipitate is an substance that is not soluble in water, meaning it cannot be dissolved. You can tell whether or not a substance is precipitate using a solubility chart. Therefore, using a solubility chart, we can tell that the product silver bromide will be the precipitate and the product potassium nitrate will be aqueous.
A reaction where the products formed are liquids in an aqueous solution.