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Multiple gears allow better acceleration and improving fuel economy.

Having multiple gears in an automatic allows for a wider spread in ratios(1st gear verse Top Gear). lower first gear(numerically higher, I.E. 4:1) allows the engine to do more work, pull heavier loads, accelerate harder. Top gear/Overdrive allows for better fuel economy. Having more gear between allows for less wear on the engine by keeping the rpms as low as possible and lessing the load on the motor. It also lessens the wear on the trans. by lowering the rpm difference between gear changes.

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Q: What is the purpose of each gear in a automatic transmission?
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