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Low Hydrogen? It is a welding electrode that has controlled Hydrogen levels for use in SMAW i.e E7018. Not to be confused with a low hydrogen processes like GMAW and GTAW
The distance between the electrode and work and the type of atmosphere surrounding the arc. Voltage pushes the current across the gap and the longer the arc length the higher the voltage has to be. In the TIG (GTAW) process Helium is lighter than Argon which allows less resistance to the arc allowing it to jump greater distances. Both have limitations as to how far the arc will travel across a gap.
maybe because helium is lighter If you are asking in re: to TIG welding, Oxygen is corrosive and a "live" gas that will destroy the molten metal. You need an "inert" gas to protect the molten puddle. If you are asking in re: to cutting or welding with the Oxy/Fuel process then Helium is an "inert" gas and does not burn or support combustion.
Almost all metals are "Alloyed" including Gold and Silver. An Alloy is an Element added to another Element to change its characteristics. For example Chromium and Nickel are added to Steel to create Stainless Steel. If you didn't know these were in the metal you wouldn't know what filler material to use. Filler material includes Electrodes (SMAW) Rods (GTAW AND OAW) and Wire (SMAW). Even Carbon Steel is Alloyed (to increase its Tensile Strength for example). Sometimes as little as 1/10th of 1% of an alloy changes the base metal considerably and thereby the uses of that metal.
Aluminum is not only hard to weld when exposed to atmospheric air, it is impossible. All aluminum arc welding processes must be shielded from the air. Gmaw (mig) and gtaw (tig) used sheilding gasses such as pure argon or argon mixed with co2 or helium depending on the application. Smaw (stick) process uses a flux to shield the weld. Aluminum is very reactive making it one of the hardest materials to weld. The cleaner the aluminum is the better it will weld. Aluminum must be free of anything that produces hydrocarbons when heated, such as paint, oil and lubricants. Aluminum must be clean and well shielded from the air to achieve a quality weld.
CO2 is an oxygen compound or a non-inert gas,the purpose of a shielding gas is to shield the weld and the electrode from oxygen. argon, nitrogen and helium are the most common gases used for GTAW
The main difference between these two types of welding is that GTAW uses gases to create the weld whilst SMAW uses an an electrical current. Both are very popular welding processes.
The variable parameters for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) include; current, arc length, electrode type, electrode size, electrode grind angle, shielding gas type, shielding gas flow rate, and travel speed.
For TIG - GTAW "heliarc" welding Argon replaced Helium because it is #1 cheaper #2 heavier so coverage is better (stays around the weld area).
GTAW is commonly used to weld thin slections of stainless steel and non-ferrous metals luike aluminum, magnesium and copper alloys. The gas shield is never removed to prevent oxidation of its surface and contamination of the weld.
GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING
The tip of the tungsten electrode has to be hot in GTAW because you are trying to weld two pieces of metal together, and that takes a lot of heat.
I'm pretty sure it stands for Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding.
Tgs 50
GTAW is the Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding process A defect means something's wrong with the weld. There are hundreds of kinds, and every kind of defect has a different cause--and sometimes there are seven or eight causes for one defect.
Bohler EASN 2 Si-IG for GTAW Bohler FOX EAS 2Si for SMAW
TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas, or GTAW) welding at the link below. I don't know about others, but this is one I saw in class