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Aluminum is not only hard to weld when exposed to atmospheric air, it is impossible. All aluminum arc welding processes must be shielded from the air. Gmaw (mig) and gtaw (tig) used sheilding gasses such as pure argon or argon mixed with co2 or helium depending on the application. Smaw (stick) process uses a flux to shield the weld. Aluminum is very reactive making it one of the hardest materials to weld. The cleaner the aluminum is the better it will weld. Aluminum must be free of anything that produces hydrocarbons when heated, such as paint, oil and lubricants. Aluminum must be clean and well shielded from the air to achieve a quality weld.

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Q: Why is aluminium hard to weld when exposed to air?
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