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In an impulse turbine, the water (or steam) hits the blades and continues almost straight through as in a jet engine. In a reaction turbine, the water hits a semicircular cup and is completely reversed in path, normally dropping down the center with little or no momentum left. These are rarely used with gases because of having to get the output out of the way, but they work especially well with water at lower pressure as when the dam supplying the water is not very high.
Both kinds are used in various situations.
in impulse turbine steam expanded in nozzle only because blades have equal cross section area.but in case of reaction turbines blades having diverging or converging areas so steam expansion take place not only on nozzles but also on blades.
ravi mehrotra
srmcem, lucknow
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How steam turbines be classified?
1) Impulse turbine 2) reaction turbine
Comparison between impulse and reaction turbines?
in the case of impule turbine total energy at inlet is kinetic energy and in case reaction turbine energy at inlet is kinetic and pressure......
What is a stage of an impulse turbine?
In an impulse turbine, the stage is a set of moving blades behind the nozzle. In a reaction turbine, each row of blades is called a "stage." A single Curtis stage may consist of two or more rows of moving blades.
Is an impulse turbine makes use of draft tube?
No, an impulse turbine does not make use of a draft tube. In impulse turbines, the water is directed through nozzles to create high-velocity jets that strike the turbine blades, causing them to spin. Since the pressure is atmospheric at the exit of the turbine, a draft tube is not required to recover pressure or energy, as it is in reaction turbines.
What are the differences between an impulse turbine and a reaction turbine?
The difference between impulse and reaction turbine goes here...... 1) In case of an impulse turbine the pressure remains same in the rotor or runners, but in case of reaction turbine the pressure decreases in runners as well as stators also. 2) In case of impulse turbine the pressure drop happens only in the nozzle part by means of its kinetic energy. In case of Reaction one the stators those are fixed to the diaphragm act as a nozzle.
Why reaction turbine have moreefficeancy than impulse turbine?
Reaction turbines are generally more efficient than impulse turbines because they convert both the kinetic and pressure energy of the fluid into mechanical energy. In a reaction turbine, the water flows through the blades, creating lift and allowing for continuous energy transfer as the fluid expands and loses pressure. In contrast, impulse turbines rely solely on the momentum of the water jets, leading to energy losses during the conversion process. Additionally, reaction turbines can operate effectively across a wider range of flow conditions, optimizing their performance.
What is steam velocity in turbine?
That is how fast the steam is actually moving in the turbine. For impulse turbines it is twice as fast as the turbine blades. In reaction turbines it is the same speed as the blades. Because the blades of a turbine cannot move faster than 4500 feet per second without self destructing as it overcomes the centripetal force of the turbine wheels, the steam turbine is designed such that no turbine will exceed more than ~1150 feet per second on its tip speed. Thus the steam velocity through the turbine will be less than ~1150 fps for a reaction turbine and less than ~2300 fps for an impulse turbine, or about ~1570 mph, more than twice the speed of sound.
Diagram of gas turbine?
A diagram of an impulse turbine is in related links.
What is impulse and reaction blades?
Impulse and reaction blades are two types of turbine blade designs used in steam and gas turbines. Impulse blades convert the thermal energy of steam or gas into mechanical energy by directing the flow onto the blades, causing them to spin. Reaction blades, on the other hand, create lift through the pressure difference generated by the fluid flow over their shape, relying on both the pressure and the velocity of the fluid. Together, these blade types optimize turbine efficiency and performance in energy conversion applications.
What does the turbine do in a generator?
A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work.The simplest turbines have one moving part, a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades, or the blades react to the flow, so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. Early turbine examples are windmills and water wheelsGas, steam, and water turbines usually have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Credit for invention of the steam turbine is given both to the British Engineer Sir Charles Parsons (1854-1931), for invention of the reaction turbine and to Swedish Engineer Gustaf de Laval (1845-1913), for invention of the impulse turbine. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.A device similar to a turbine but operating in reverse, i.e., driven, is a compressor or pump. The axial compressor in many gas turbine engines is a common example. Here again, both reaction and impulse are employed and again, in modern axial compressors, the degree of reaction and impulse will typically vary from the blade root to its periphery.
Define two stage impulse turbine?
A two stage impulse contains 2 stages. One stage is a stator and rotor, therefore a 2 stage impulse turbine contains a stator-rotor-stator-rotor.
What are the different types of steam engines?
Depends on how you want to catigorize them ... mobile or stationary piston or turbine condensing or non-condensing and weither the power comes from the steam pressure or from the vacumm you get when you condence the steam.
