because this is important
Google's directory listing comes from it's servers. Google has huge number of servers with it. They are capable to managing Huge data.
member servers
Mac OS X has an open directory services architecture and built-in support for open standards, therefore Mac OS X desktops and servers can operate within a Macintosh NetInfo directory, a Microsoft Active Directory, or in an enterprise LDAP directory. With the usual provisos of naming conventions etc. (See links below)
transfer data between LDAP-directory servers, apply changes across an LDAP directory and import data from legacy systems
1 for each active directory (AD) site
There are plenty of good process servers available. You can find a directory of proces servers at http://www.serve-now.com/ or http://www.napps.org/.
Distributed File System
Typically it would be a hidden folder called ".ssh".
The Feature is know as Microsoft Meta directory service.. A metadirectory is a dedicated enterprise directory solution that joins (or merges) information between the various existing directory systems and programs used within an enterprise, and then provides access to the consolidated information for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) clients, Web browsers, and possibly other computers. Microsoft Metadirectory Overview In the MMS model, the enterprise metadirectory structure is comprised of one or more servers, management agents, and connected directories: Management Agents Management agents are responsible for importing connected directory information into the connector namespace, and where desired, merging it with entries in the metaverse. It keeps the directory information synchronized by allowing attributes to flow bi-directionally. There is one management agent for each connected directory. Connected Directory A connected directory is essentially any directory that you want to integrate into the metadirectory. The only requirement is that the directory contents must be organized into some minimal hierarchical structure, and that there a method for extracting the directory information in it exists. The information extracted from the connected directory is imported into the metadirectory. Optionally you may want to export information from the metadirectory into the connected directory. Metadirectory Namespace While the metadirectory contents can be presented as a single tree structure, it can also be thought of as consisting of two logical namespaces. Connector Space The area into which connected directory entries are first imported. This area links each connected namespace with the metadirectory. Metaverse That portion of the directory that presents the global view of the union of entries from multiple connected directories. MMS Client Access The MMS client access consists of four primary client access methods: Compass Client A stand-alone client with the most complete features and most efficient interface of the MMS clients. Can be used to manage the directory. Active Compass Client An ActiveX implementation of the Compass client that runs within any browser that supports ActiveX technology. Can be used to manage the directory. This client must be installed to run. LDAP-Compliant User Agent E-mail, programs. Web Access Windows Explorer, Netscape Navigator. MMS Security MMS security is comprised of three key features: Login and Authentication There are two kind of logins, anonymous and authenticated logins. Authenticated logins (or named logins), require a password. The password may be a "simple" password or a "strong" password. Access Controls Access controls are used to evaluate the level of access to entries in the directory. MMS Distributed Directory MMS has two methods to scale the product to your organization. The Distributed Directory is required for the following uses or conditions: * Distant geographical locations. * Load balancing and/or redundancy. * Servers to manage connected directories. * Other servers to service end users. * Servers to support programs. We have two ways to distribute the directory, referrals and replication: Referrals Used to set a pointer within the directory to point to another location on a different server. Note that not visible to the user. This is useful when there are space requirements that need to be distributed to other servers but the users still can obtain access one central location.
The following command-line tools can be used to manage Active Directory CSVDE Import and export Active Directory data using comma-separated format. Dsadd Add users, groups, computers, contacts, and organizational units to Active Directory. Dsmod Modify an existing object of a specific type in the directory. The types of objects that can be modified are: users, groups, computers, servers, contacts, and organizational units. Dsrm Remove objects of the specified type from Active Directory. Dsmove Rename an object without moving it in the directory tree, or move an object from its current location in the directory to a new location within a single domain controller. (For cross-domain moves, use the Movetree command-line tool.) Dsquery Query and find a list of objects in the directory using specified search criteria. Use in a generic mode to query for any type of object or in a specialized mode to query for for selected object types. The specific types of objects that can be queried through this command are: computers, contacts, subnets, groups, organizational units, sites, servers and users. Dsget Display selected attributes of specific object types in Active Directory. Attributes of the following object types can be viewed: computers, contacts, subnets, groups, organizational units, servers, sites, and users. LDIFDE Ceate, modify, and delete directory objects. This tool can also be used to extend the schema, export Active Directory user and group information to other applications or services, and populate Active Directory with data from other directory services. Ntdsutil General purpose Active Directory management tool. Use Ntdsutil to perform database maintenance of Active Directory, to manage single master operations, and remove metadata left behind by domain controllers that were removed from the network without being properly uninstalled.
Digest Authentication
There are many components within Exchange that require access to Active Directory services, such as the information store and the message categorizer. The DSAccess component optimizes the communication between these components and Active Directory. The Exchange components that need to interact with Active Directory use DSAccess to retrieve Active Directory information rather than communicating directly with domain controllers and global catalog servers. As a result, DSAccess is therefore a very important part of Exchange. DSAccess is good for system performance, since it maintains a cache that effectively reduces the number of LDAP queries that these Exchange server components make to Active Directory. This is good for query speed as well as load reduction on both domain controllers and global catalog servers.