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Adaptive radiation is a rapid form of speciation that takes place when there is a mass Immigration to new ecological niches, or a mass extinction of one dominant life form opening up niches for other life forms. Darwin's finches are examples of the former, as they reached the Galapagos Islands as one species and radiated from there into many different species of birds make there living in various ways that called for morphological changes, basically in beak size and shape. The death of the dinosaurs is an example of the latter radiation event. That is when several types of small mammals radiated out into all the niches left open bu the dinosaurs.

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Q: What is the relationship between speciation and adaptive radiation?
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Speciation without geographic isolation is called what?

Sympatric Speciation develops within the range of the parent population. This type of speciation does not include geographical isolation, and can occur rapidly if a genetic change results in a barrier between the mutants and the parent population.


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How do mammalian forelimbs show adaptive radiation?

At the demise of the non-bird dinosaurs the extant mammals were all pretty much the same, all shrew like and having four paws with five figits. as the mammal radiated into the niches that were abandoned by the dinosaurs the basic tetrapod plan remained, but the digits especially changed, Look to the variance between the paws of a tiger, retractable claws that are razor sharp, pads on the bottom for running and the five digits, Then there is the horse, hardened hoof which is the middle digit extended and the nail grown and hardened. You can now think of many differences to forelimbs in mammals engendered by their adaptive radiation. ( whales come to mind )

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