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The first group elements have 1 dot on their electron dot diagram, the group 2 elements have 2, group 3-12 elements have 2 electrons (with exceptions), group 13: 3 electrons, group 14: 4 electrons, group 15: 5 electrons, group 16: 6 electrons, group 17: 7 electrons, and group 18: 8 electrons.

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For the groups 1, 2 13-18 the number of valence electrons is

Group 1, 1

Group 2 ,2

Group 13 ,3

Group 14, 4

Group 15, 5

Group 16, 6

Group 17, 7

Group 18, 8 (exception helium with 2)

The other elements the d block (transition metals), f block (lanthanides and actinides) the counting of valence electrons is not useful as the numbers of electrons in the outer shell does not relate in a simple way to the valency.

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Q: What is the relationship between valence electrons and there location on the periodic table?
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