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What is the relative danger of a 1.1 mev gamma ray and a 1.1 mev alpha?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
From an external source the gamma is more penetrating so would be more dangerous. If ingested the alpha becomes more dangerous, as there is no shielding inside your body, and the alpha particles have more biological effect. Of course the size of the source also matters, but alpha particles are easily stopped when outside your body
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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How far does an alpha particle travel?
This depends on their energy. An alpha particle that comes from nuclear decay is usually only able to travel a short distance, a few centimeters, through air. Alpha particles as cosmic rays, however, are much more energetic, and can penetrate quite deeply, even through many meters of solid shielding. These can penetrate the atmosphere.
Describe the nature of the emitted particles in Uranium?
Uranium, for example the isotope 235 is an emitter of: gamma, alpha and beta radiations, also spontaneous fission neutrons. But, for each isotope of uranium the radiation energies, and their percentage is different.
What radiation does gold-198 emit?
Gold-198 predominantly emits a mono-energetic gamma ray of energy 0.412 MeV. It also emits beta rays of much higher energy than that of gamma rays.
What is the range of gamma?
Gamma rays typically have frequencies above 1019 Hz, exhibiting energies above 100 keV and wavelength less than 10 picometers. Some gamma radiation, such as that from radioactive decay. may have energies of a few hundred keVto less than 10 MeV. Gamma rays from astronomical sources can be over 10 TeV.
What is MeV?
One MeV is one megaelectron volts or one million electron volts, and the MeV is a measure of energy. It is equal to 1.60217646 × 10-13 joules.
What gamma ray energies result from uranium 238 decay?
Gamma rays from uranium-238: * 0,013 000 MeV energy and 0,088 313 probability * 0,066 376 MeV energy and 0,000 970 probability
What is the properly balanced alpha decay equation indicating the resulting products Po 84210 right arrow plus?
Polonium-210 decays by alpha decay to Lead-206 ...84210Po --> 82206Pb + 24He2+ + 15.9531 MeV84220Po (210.0485 amu) --> 82206Pb (206.0388 amu) + 24He (4.003874 amu) + (0.005826 amu)1 amu = 931.162 MeVthus 0.005826 amu = 5.4249 MeVMost of this (5.305 MeV) ends up in the Alpha particle, leaving the Lead recoiling with 0.1199 MeV. Rarely a 0.8 MeV Gamma is emitted (0.0012%), changing the distribution of energy and momentum.Nucleonics Fundamentals, 1959 David B. HoisingtonThe Radiochemical Manual, 1962The 15.9531 MeV is some sort of "ground state" energy (not sure what), the released decay energy is calculated from the "mass defect".
What is a balanced nuclear equation for the alpha decay of Rn-22?
I'm assuming we are talking about Rn222. Rn222 is part of the U238 chain (also known as the Radium series). Rn222 (half life 3.8 days) -> Po218 + alpha particle (5.59 MeV) Po218 (half life 3.1 minutes) -> Pb214 + alpha particle (6.115 MeV) Pb214 (half life 26.8 minutes) -> Bi214 + beta- particle (1.024 MeV) Bi214 (half life 19.9 minutes) -> Po214 + beta- particle (3.272 MeV) Po214 (half life .164 ms) -> Pb210 + alpha particle (7.883 MeV) Pb210 (half life 22.3 years) -> Bi210 + beta- particle (64 keV) Bi210 (half life 5.013 days) -> Po210 + beta- particle (1.426 MeV) Po210 (half life 138.4 days) -> Pb206 + alpha particle (5.407 MeV) Pb206 (lead) is stable so that is the end of the chain.
How many hydrogens do you have to fuse together to make one helium?
None. Hydrogen and Helium are base elements.Helium is helium.Chemically yes, but with Nuclear Physics in stars:H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, D + D --> He3 + n + 3.27 MeV (50%)H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, D + D --> He3 + H + 4.03 MeV (50%)H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, H + D --> He3 + gamma photon + 5.49 MeV, H + H --> D + e+ + v + 0.42 MeV, H + D --> He3 + gamma photon + 5.49 MeV, He3 + He3 --> He + H + H + 12.86 MeV (100%)H + D --> He3 + gamma photon + 5.49 MeV (100%)D + D --> He3 + n + 3.27 MeV (50%)D + D --> He3 + H + 4.03 MeV (50%)D + T --> He + n + 17.59 MeV (100%)T + T --> He + n + n + 11.33 MeV (100%)Four or two, depending on the kind of hydrogen isotope you are burning. As you can see in the equations above burning four ordinary atoms of hydrogen to ordinary helium is a complicated and slow process compared to burning two atoms of various isotopes of hydrogen, however a star has such tiny quantities of deuterium and tritium that depending on them for fusion helps little.
Evaluation of energy output of U 235 compared to Pu 238?
I think you mean Pu-239, but we'll look at both Pu-239 and Pu-238 We'll compare to aspects, the decay energy and the fissile energy. First the decay energy. U235 alpha decays and releases 4.679 MeV in the process Pu238 alpha decays and releases 5.593 MeV Pu239 alpha decays and releases 5.245 MeV For the fissile energy. U235 fissiling releases 202.5 MeV Pu238 does not sustain a fissile, but the spontaneous fissile is 204.66 MeV Pu239 fissilings releases 207.1 MeV Pu238, because it does not sustain a fissile (though it does go through spontaneuos fissile) and because it does not emit much other stuff, other then the alpha particle, it works great as a nuclear battery. For example 8 oz of Pu238 will power the average laptop for about 29 years, without ever needing to be recharged or replaced.
How could you tell the difference between cobalt 60 a sample of radon 222 and a sample of bismuth 83?
Cobalt-60 has two gamma photopeaks at 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV. Radon-222 is an alpha emitter. Bismuth-83 is not a valid isotope. 83 is the atomic number of bismuth, but you need to know the atomic mass number. The nuclide with the longest half-life is bismuth-208, and it decays by beta+ decay.
What is the difference between alpha beta and gamma?
Alpha - these are fast moving helium atoms. They have high energy, typically in the MeV range, but due to their large mass, they are stopped by just a few inches of air, or a piece of paper.Beta - these are fast moving electrons. They typically have energies in the range of a few hundred keV to several MeV. Since electrons are might lighter than helium atoms, they are able to penetrate further, through several feet of air, or several millimeters of plastic or less of very light metals.Gamma - these are photons, just like light, except of much higher energy, typically from several keV to several MeV. X-Rays and gamma rays are really the same thing, the difference is how they were produced. Depending on their energy, they can be stopped by a thin piece of aluminum foil, or they can penetrate several inches of lead.
How much radiation does uranium give off?
Yes, uranium gives off dangerous amounts of radiation.
How far does an alpha particle travel?
This depends on their energy. An alpha particle that comes from nuclear decay is usually only able to travel a short distance, a few centimeters, through air. Alpha particles as cosmic rays, however, are much more energetic, and can penetrate quite deeply, even through many meters of solid shielding. These can penetrate the atmosphere.
Describe the nature of the emitted particles in Uranium?
Uranium, for example the isotope 235 is an emitter of: gamma, alpha and beta radiations, also spontaneous fission neutrons. But, for each isotope of uranium the radiation energies, and their percentage is different.
What is alpha ionizing?
Alpha particles are helium nuclei emitted with energies of several MeV and travelling at about 5% speed of light. As air molecules take only about 35eV to ionize, highly charged alpha particles are very strongly ionizing.
What radiation does gold-198 emit?
Gold-198 predominantly emits a mono-energetic gamma ray of energy 0.412 MeV. It also emits beta rays of much higher energy than that of gamma rays.
